A1. Transmission line.
A2. Input end, generator end, transmitter end, sending end, and source.
A3. Output end, receiving end, load end and sink.
A4. Parallel two-wire, twisted pair, shielded pair, coaxial line and waveguide.
A5. Power lines, rural telephone lines, and telegraph lines.
A6. High radiation losses and noise pickup.
A7. Twin lead.
A8. The conductors are balanced to ground.
A9. Air coaxial (rigid) and solid coaxial (flexible).
A10. The ability to minimize radiation losses.
A11. Expensive to construct, must be kept dry, and high frequency losses limit the practical length of the line.
A12. Cylindrical and rectangular.
A13. Copper, dielectric, and radiation.
A14. Copper losses.
A15. Dielectric losses.
A16. l = 20 meters.
A17. (1) Type of line used, (2) dielectric in the line, and (3) length of line.
A18. Inductance is expressed in microhenrys per unit length, capacitance is expressed in picofarads per unit length, and resistance is expressed in ohms per unit length.

A19. The small amount of current that flows through the dielectric between two wires of a transmission line and is expressed in micromhos per unit length.
A20. When the characteristic impedance of the transmission line and the load impedance are equal.
A21. Z₀ and it is the ratio of E to I at every point along the line
A22. Between 50 and 600 ohms.
A23. Incident waves from generator to load. Reflected waves from load back to generator.
A24. 2 and 6 have zero resultant wave and they indicate that the incident and reflected waves are 180 degrees out of phase at all parts.
A25. One-fourth the distance from each end of the line.
A26. The load impedance of such a line is equal to Z_o.
A27. Even quarter-wave points (1/2l, l, 3/2l, etc.).
A28. At 1/2 wavelength from the end and at every 1/2 wavelength along the line.
A29. Power standing-wave ratio (pswr).
A30. The existence of voltage variations on a line.