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PINTLE
NOZZLE.-The valve of the pintle nozzle (fig. 9-21, view A) has an extension
that protrudes through the hole in the bottom of the nozzle body and produces a
hollow cone-shaped spray. The included angle of the spray cone may be up to a
maximum of 60 degrees, depending on the type of combus-tion chamber in which it
is used. A pintle nozzle generally opens at a lower pressure than the pressure
at which the hole nozzle opens because fuel flows more readily from the large
hole of the pintle nozzle. Although atomization of the fuel is not so complete
in the pintle nozzle as it is in the hole nozzle, penetration into the
combustion space is greater. Consequently, pintle-type nozzles are used in
engines having pre-combustion, divided, air cell or energy-cell combustion
chambers, where mixing of fuel and air is largely dependent on combustion
reaction or turbulence. In addition, the motion of the pintle tends to inhibit
the formation of carbon crust on the tip of the nozzle.
Figure 9-22.-Cutaway view of a crown valve injector.
Figure 9-23.-Cutaway view of a needle valve injector. |
 
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