CHAPTER 2
FUNDAMENTALS OF PATIENT CARE
Twentieth century advances in the medical and technological sciences have made a significant impact on the methods of marketing healthcare services. The numbers and kinds of healthcare providers have expanded greatly. Patients have become more informed about both their healthcare needs and expectations. Additionally, patients have become more vocal, seeking answers for the "what's" and "why's" of the entire spectrum of healthcare services.

The goal of this chapter is to give the Hospital Corpsman basic theory concerning the multidisciplinary aspects of patient care. This chapter is an introduction to some of the critical basic concepts for providing care to individuals seeking healthcare services.

HEALTH AND ILLNESS

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Recognize the concepts of health and illness.

To intelligently and skillfully discharge your duties as a member of the Navy Medical Department healthcare team, you must first understand the concepts of health and illness.

The concept of health includes the physical, mental, and emotional condition of human beings that provide for the normal and proper performance of one's vital functions. Not only is health the absence of disease or disability; health is also a state of soundness of the body, mind, and spirit. Conversely, the concept of illness includes conditions often accompanied by pain or discomfort that inhibit a human being's ability to physically, mentally, or emotionally perform in a normal and proper manner.

In most cultures, when people need assistance in maintaining their health, dealing with illness, or coping with problems related to health and illness, they seek assistance from personnel specialized in the fields of healthcare.

Physicians, nurses, and Hospital Corpsmen are frequently referred to as the core team. All health personnel comprise the total healthcare team. Obviously, individual members of the team use their skills differently, depending upon their personal, professional, and technical preparation and experience. Nevertheless-and despite the differences in clinical expertise-they all share one common objective: to respond to the patient's health needs. The overall goal of this response is to assist the patient to maintain, sustain, and restore or rehabilitate a physical or psychological function.

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