WELDED JOINT DESIGN

The details of a joint, which includes both the geometry and the required dimensions, are called the joint design. Just what type of joint design is best suited for a particular job depends on many factors. Although welded joints are designed primarily to meet strength and safety requirements, there are other factors that must be considered. A few of these factors areas follows:

Figure 3-23.-Butt joints.

Whether the load will be in tension or compression and whether bending, fatigue, or impact stresses will be applied

How a load will be applied; that is, whether the load will be steady, sudden, or variable

The direction of the load as applied to the joint The cost of preparing the joint

Another consideration that must be made is the ratio of the strength of the joint compared to the strength of the base metal. This ratio is called joint efficiency. An efficient joint is one that is just as strong as the base metal.

Normally, the joint design is determined by a designer or engineer and is included in the project plans and specifications. Even so, understanding the joint design for a weld enables you to produce better welds. Earlier in this chapter, we discussed the five basic types of welded joints-butt, corner, tee, lap, and edge. While there are many variations, every joint you weld will be one of these basic types. Now, we will consider some of the variations of the welded joint designs and the efficiency of the joints.

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