A  quotation  that  is  an  exclamation. “What  a  game  that  was!” After   words   or   phrases   that   have   no grammatical function in the sentence but indicate strong   emotion. Great Scott ! Is it that late? Oh! I didn’t know there was anyone in the chapel   complex. Dash A dash is used to show an interruption within a sentence such as a sudden break, or an abrupt change in thought. It is also used to indicate an unfinished sentence. The dash may also be used to  set  off  certain  words,  phrases,  or  clauses.  A dash  is  used  to  mean,  “namely,”  “in  other words,    “that   is,”  etc.,  before  an  explanation. Examples of various uses of the dash are shown below. A  dash  encloses  a  thought  that  sharply interrupts  the  normal  flow  of  the  sentence. The   title--if,   indeed   the   poem   had   a title--has  escaped  me. He   might--and   according   to   plans should--have  done  the  work  himself. A   dash   is   also   used   to   indicate   an unfinished  word  or  sentence. He  shouted,    “Don’t  she--” Did  you  hear--? Quotation  Marks Quotation marks are used to enclose a word or  words  of  a  writer  when  they  are  quoted verbatim. These marks are used to’ ‘set off” direct quotes  and  other  words  from  the  rest  of  the sentence. Examples of various uses of quotation marks  are  shown  below, A  quotation  set  off  from  the  rest  of  the sentence. “We  can  reach  them  by  telephone,”  she said. 5-26 A  quotation  divided  into  two  or  more parts. “GO  home,”  he  pleaded,  “before  you cause  more  trouble.  ” NOTE:  Commas  and  periods  are  always  placed inside  the  quotation  marks. Semicolons  and  colons  are  always  placed outside  the  quotation  marks. “Jim,”  my  grandfather  said,  “you  must stop being a burden on your family”; then he  suggested  that  I  get  a  job. The  following  books  are  ones  Mr.  Sims describes as “required reading”: the Bible, Milton,  and  Shakespeare. Quotation  marks  are  used  to  enclose  the titles  of  chapters,  articles,  etc. Read  chapter  37,     “Children’s   Poetry.” I  enjoyed  Alpert’s  story,  “The  Home  of a  Stranger,”  in  the  paper. NOTE:  Book  titles  and  names  of  magazines  are indicated  by  underlining  (italics  in  print). Quotation marks are used to enclose slang, technical  terms,  and  expressions  that  are  unusual in standard English. I   heard   him   characterized   as   a “screwball.” Because his first name was Fiorello, Mayor La  Guardia  was  known  as  the  “little flower.” Parentheses Parentheses   are   used   before   and   after expressions  to  set  them  off  from  the  rest  of  the sentence. The expressions that are set off may be a word, a phrase, or a sentence that is inserted in a sentence as a comment or an explanation. The parentheses  are  closely  related  to  the  pair  of commas.  They  both  enclose  a  grammatically nonessential  element  in  a  sentence  or  a  word, phrase,  or  clause  which  changes  the  normal  order