THE  JEWISH  CALENDAR NAME OF MONTH NUMBER OF DAYS SPECIAL NAME OF DAY DATES Nisan 30 15 First day of Passover Iyyar 29 5 Israel  Independence  Day Sivan 30 6 Shavuot Tammuz 29 17 Fast day Av 30 9 Fast day Elul 29 Tishri 30 1 First  day  of  Roshha-Shanah 10 Day of Atonement 15 First day of Sukkot Heshvan (Marheshvan) 29 or 30 K i s l ev 29 or 30 25 First day of Hanukkah Tevet 29 10 Fast day Shevat 30 I Adar 29 (30 days in leap year) 14 Purim IIAdar (29 days in leap year) In leap year, Purim is celebrated on 14 Adar II NOTE 1: The names of the 12 months are of Babylonian origin. NOTE 2: The date is given by indicating the name of the month, the date in that month, and then the year such as I Adar 27, 5752; that is, March 2, 1994 in the Julian calendar. Figure  1-12.—The  Jewish  calendar. observance  of  the  Sabbath  and  the  dietary  laws 18th century on, opposed changes to their religion, mentioned in the Bible. They also believe that women should have a Iarger role in synagogue worship. Reform Judaism  is  also  known  as  Liberal  or  Progressive Judaism  and  is  the  source  from  which  some  Navy chaplains  received  their  theological  training. Orthodox  Judaism Orthodox Judaism is a term applied to the religious beliefs  of  the  Jews  who  have  traditionally  opposed changes to the laws and practices of their religion. Orthodox  Judaism  reflects  the  beliefs  and  practices  of those Jews in central and western Europe who, from the including  the  changes  endorsed  by  the  Reform movement. Conservative  Judaism Conservative Judaism exists between the tenets of both   Orthodox   Judaism   and   Reform   Judaism. Conservative  Jews  believe  in  some  changes,  but  they neither believe in change as extremely as the followers of Reform Judaism nor are they opposed to a strict interpretation of Jewish law. For the past century, Conservative  Judaism  has  endeavored  to  reconcile 1-28