1-50 HM3F0153 MOUTH TONGUE TOOTH SUBLINGUAL SALIVARY ESOPHAGUS PAROTID SALIVARY GLAND PHARYNX SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLAND STOMACH PANCREAS TRANSVERSE COLON JEJUNUM DESCENDING COLON SIGMOID COLON APPENDIX CECUM SMALL INTESTINE ASCENDING COLON DUODENUM (OF SMALL INTESTINE) GALLBLADDER LIVER ILEUM RECTUM ANAL CANAL Figure 1-53.—The digestive system. Digestive Juice Source Substance Acted Upon Product Amylase Salivary glands and pancreas Starch Complex sugars (maltose) Hydrochloric acid Gastric glands Pepsinogen (Proteins) Pepsin   (Split proteins) Bile Liver Fats Emulsified fats Proteinase Pancreas Proteins and split proteins Peptides and polypeptides Lipase Pancreas Fats (triglycerides) Fatty acids and glycerol Carbohydrase Intestinal glands Complex sugars (maltose, sucrose, and lactose) Simple sugars (glucose, fructose, and galactose) Peptidase Intestinal glands Peptides and polypeptides Amino acids Table 1-5.—Principal Digestive Juices