TISSUE RETRACTORS

Surgical Suction Apparatus Whenever a surgical procedure is performed, sterile instruments are essential. Since it is not possible to sterilize all parts of the suction apparatus attached to the dental unit, it is necessary to modify it with a sterile surgical suction apparatus. In some cases, you may use a mobile suction unit that also uses similar items. These items are composed of the hose, handle, and tips. The hose is used to connect the handle to the suction apparatus and has a sterile tubing that is available in various lengths. The handle has a bulbous portion on one end and a chuck on the other end. The bulbous portion is slipped into one end of the hose, and the chuck holds the tips. There are several tips available ranging from #1 to #4. The smaller #2 is suitable for use in a tooth socket. When these parts are properly joined and the loose end of the tubing is connected to the suction, they function as a single suction unit (fig. 5-2). Your job is to connect the parts, operate the suction, and manipulate the handle and tip. With experience, you should be able to perform these tasks quickly and efficiently to keep the surgical site clear for the dentist. Retractors There are different kinds of retractors, but the purpose is the same for each. Retractors are used to hold back objects in the oral cavity. TISSUE RETRACTORS.—In oral surgery, tissue retractors hold tissue flaps away from the treatment site to provide better visibility. Some retractors have forklike prongs, as shown in figure 5-3. This allows the handling of the tissue without causing excessive damage. TONGUE AND CHEEK RETRACTORS.— These retractors are designed to hold and retract the cheeks, tongue, or a portion of the mucosa during Figure 5-3.—Tissue retractors. surgical procedures. The retractors are made of metal or plastic, and may be large, curved, or angled. A commonly used retractor is the Minnesota retractor, shown in figure 5-4, which is a bent, angled piece of steel. Mouth Props and Gags Mouth props and gags hold the patient's mouth open mechanically. The mouth prop, shown in figure 5-5, is a solid piece of rubber, whereas the mouth gags Figure 5-4.—Minnesota tongue and cheek retractor. Figure 5-2.—Surgical suction handle and tip. 5-6