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Figure 3-16.—Vertebral column. |
Figure 3-13.—Structure of a typical long bone.
is the pain center of the bone. When there is a
fracture, the pain you feel comes from the
periosteum, not the bone proper. Periosteum also
forms new bone.
CLASSIFICATION. Bones are classified ac-
cording to shape, as follows:
Long—femur and humerus
Short—wrist and ankle bones
Flat—skull, sternum, and scapula
Irregular—vertebrae, mandible, hyoid,
and pelvic bones
DIVISIONS OF SKELETON
The human skeleton is divided into two main
divisions, the axial skeleton and the appendicular
skeleton. The axial skeleton consists of the skull,
Figure 3-14.—Lateral view of the skull.
Figure 3-15.—Frontal bones.
the vertebral column, and the thorax. The skull
bones are further divided into the cranial and
facial bones. The appendicular skeleton consists
of the bones of the upper and lower extremities.
Axial Skeleton
SKULL.—Consists of 28 bones (figs. 3-14 and
3-15), 22 of which form the framework of the
head and provide protection for the brain, eyes,
3-7
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