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Hospital Corpsman 3 & 2 - Intro Navy Nursing manual for hospital training purposes | Next
Hypovolemic Shock |
Table 4-4.—Correlation of magnitude of volume deficit and clinical presentation
Approximate
Decrease in
Degree
Signs
Deficit (ml)
Blood Volume %
0-500
0-10
None
None
500-1200
10-25
Mild
Slight tachycardia
Postural changes in
blood pressure
Mild peripheral vasoconstriction
Thready pulse 100-120
Systolic blood
pressure 90-100
1200-1800
Moderate
Marked vasoconstriction
Diaphoresis
Anxiety/restlessness
Decreased urine output
Thready pulse >120
Systolic blood pressure <60
1800-2500
35-50
Severe
Increased diaphoresis
Obtundation
No urine output
25-35
The symptoms of shock vary from patient to
2. Eyes may be glassy, dull and have dilated
patient and even during the course of illness in
pupils (these are also the symptoms of mor-
an individual. Evaluation of the whole situation
phine use).
is more important than one particular sign
3. Breathing may be rapid or labored, often
or symptom. Table 4-4 provides a generalized
of the gasping “air hunger” type. In the
overview of the degrees of shock and their
advanced stages of shock, breathing
symptoms correlated to the approximate volume
becomes shallow and irregular.
deficit.
4. The face and skin may be very pale or
The essence of shock control and prevention
is to recognize the onset of the condition and to
start treatment before the symptoms fully develop.
The following are general signs and symptoms of
the development of shock (see figure 4-51):
ashen gray; in the dark complexioned, the
mucous membranes may be pale. The lips
are often cyanotic.
5. The skin feels cool and is covered
with clammy sweat. The coolness is
related to a decrease in the peripheral
1.
circulation.
Restlessness and apprehension are early
6. The pulse tends to become rapid, weak, and
symptoms, often followed by apathy.
thready. If the blood pressure is severely
4-47
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