Linkage  or compromise  of classified call signs and  address  groups  by  plain  language  or association with unclassified call signs; Linkage or compromise of encrypted call signs and address groups by association with other call signs, address groups, or plain language (for example, use of encrypted call signs in the call and  unencrypted  call  signs  in  the  message address); Misuse and confusion of call signs, routing indicators,   address   groups,   and   address indicating groups (AIGs) (which could result in the nondelivery of an important message, a compromise, or the linking of classified and unclassified call signs and address groups); Violation   of   emission   control   (EMCON) conditions; Unofficial conversation between operators; Transmitting   on   a   directed   net   without permission; Transmitting the operator’s personal sign; Excessive repetition of prowords; Use of plain language in place of applicable prowords; Unnecessary transmissions; Incorrect and unauthorized procedures; Identification of unit locations; Excessively long calls (when a station is called and does not answer within a reasonable  time, presumably because a condition of radio silence prevails, the message may be transmitted in the blind or by some other method); Use of profane, indecent, or obscene language; and Failure to maintain radio watches on designated DO: frequencies and at prescribed times. CIRCUIT TECHNIQUES You should use the following guide in developing good  voice  circuit  techniques.  To  enhance  your proficiency, you should practice the techniques on a training net. Remember, though, that nothing can take the place of good common sense. Listen before transmitting. Unauthorized break- in   causes   confusion   and   often   blocks   a transmission in progress to the extent that neither transmission gets through. Speak  clearly  and  distinctly.  Both  slurred syllables  and  clipped  speech  are  hard  to understand.      A   widespread   error   among untrained  operators  is  failure  to  emphasize vowels  sufficiently. Speak  slowly.    Give  the  receiving  operator  a chance to get your message down. This can save time and repetitions. Avoid  extremes  of pitch. A high-pitched voice cuts through interference best, but is shrill and unpleasant if too high. A lower pitch is easier on the  ear,  but  is  difficult  to  understand  through background  noises  if  too  low. Be natural. Maintain a normal speaking rhythm. Group  words  in  a  natural  manner.  Send  your message phrase for phrase instead of word for word. Use standard pronunciation. Talkers who use the almost  standard  pronunciation  of  a  broadcast network announcer are easiest to understand. Speak in a moderately strong voice in order to override unavoidable background noises and to prevent  dropouts. Keep correct distance between lips and handset. A distance of about 2 inches is correct for most handsets. If the distance is too great, speech becomes  inaudible  and  background  noises interfere. If the distance is too small, blaring and blasting  result. Give an accurate evaluation in response to a request for a radio check.  A transmission with feedback or a high level of background noise is not “loud and clear,” even though the message can  be  understood. Pause momentarily after each normal phrase, and interrupt your carrier. This allows any other station with higher precedence traffic to break in. 2-2