The  thermopneumatic  elements,  which  monitor the  temperature  of  the  magazine  and  activate  the sprinkler  system,  generate  a  pneumatic  signal  in response to thermal action. The pneumatic signal can be either a sudden increase or decrease in air pressure, which will actuate the sprinkler system. The  automatic  control  system  consists  of fixed-temperature units (FTUs), heat-actuated devices (HADs)  heat-sensing  devices  (HSDs),  transmission lines  (Rockbestos™-covered  copper  tubing),  circle seal check valves, and a pneumatically released pilot (PRP) valve. Manual control valves located at separate local and remote control stations are used to activate the system manually. Wet-Type Sprinkler System A wet-type sprinkler system is one in which the piping between the outlet side of the main sprinkler valve  and  the  sprinkler  heads  is  charged  with  fresh water. Once the system is activated, the fresh water is immediately discharged and replaced by salt water. Although  wet-type  sprinkler  systems  do  contain quite a few more components than dry-type systems, they  function  on  similar  principles.  The  main advantage of wet systems is a very rapid response time. Sprinkling  starts  approximately  1  second  after activation. For technical operating information on both types of  sprinkler  systems,  refer  to  the  instruction  book, NAVSEA  0348-LP-078-1000,  Magazine  Sprinkler System. Q8.  What  are  the  five  major  types  of  shipboard magazines? Q9.  What  type  of  ammunition  stowage  spaces  are frequently located on ship’s weather decks? Q10.   What    alarm    circuit    is    known    as    the “high-temperature alarm”? Q11.   What  alarm  circuit  is  known  as  the  “magazine sprinkler alarm”? Q12.   Under normal conditions, how often should you take magazine temperature readings? Q13.   How  should  magazine  temperatures  that  are  in excess  of  100   F  be  recorded  in  the  permanent temperature log? Q14.   What does an “AMMUNITION FAR SIDE” sign look like? Q15.   What are the two basic types of hydraulically-controlled sprinkler systems? Q16.   Which type of sprinkler system uses fresh water to charge the piping between the outlet side of the main sprinkler valve and the sprinkler heads? SUMMARY You  have  an  important  responsibility  to  handle, ship,  and  stow  ammunition  and  explosives  safely. Remember,  the  safety  precautions  and  instructions pertaining to the safe operation and use of ammunition and  explosives  handling  equipment  must  be  strictly observed by all naval activities afloat and ashore. The task  of  ammunition  and  explosives  handling  is enormous  and,  by  nature,  inescapably  hazardous. Mishaps  arising  in  ammunition  and  explosives handling  can  kill  and  injure  personnel,  destroy essential  supplies,  and  damage  valuable  equipment and  property.  Many  of  these  mishaps  are  caused  by carelessness  or  unfamiliarity  with  the  use  and limitations  of  handling  equipment,  as  well  as relaxation  or  failure  to  observe  safety  precautions, orders, and regulations pertaining to the handling and stowage  of  ammunition  and  explosives.  You  can prevent  the  mishaps  that  are  caused  by  misuse  of handling equipment if you take the time to understand the  use  and  limitations  of  the  handling  equipment. Safety precautions and instructions are a vital element of  safe  ammunition  and  explosives  handling operations. Give them careful and constant study. ANSWERS TO CHAPTER QUESTIONS A1.    To  warn  personnel  of  hazards  that  can  cause personal injury. A2.    To  draw  attention  to  situations  that  may  be potentially damaging to equipment. A3.    To  ensure  that  each  person  is  qualified  and certified  before  performing  any  task  involving explosives. A4.    The type commander. A5.    For a maximum of 12 months, unless it is revoked for cause. A6.    A logistics movement. A7.    NAVSEA  SW020-AC-SAF-010,  Volume  1  and Volume  2,  Transportation and Storage Data for Ammunition, Explosives and Related Hazardous Materials. 5-17