(an  adverse  effect  to  your  entire  bodily  system)  can result  from  severe  overexposure.  It  is  indicated  by nausea,   vomiting,   weight   loss,   jaundice,   and abdominal pain. It can be fatal. To protect personnel, use the label shown in figure 4-4  to  mark  all  equipment  and  cabinets  containing in-service  small  and  large  PCB  capacitors.  You  can find additional information on PCBs in the  Shipboard Management   Guide   for   Polychlorinated   Biphenyls (PCBs),  NAVSEA  S9593-A1-MAN-010.  We  highly recommended that you study this publication. BATTERIES A   battery   is   a   group   of   cells   that   provide direct-current (dc) electrical power. Batteries are used in   automobiles,   boats,   aircraft,   ships,   submarines, lighting   equipment,   and   portable   and   stationary electrical and electronic equipment. They can be used as   main   power   sources   or   as   secondary   or   backup power sources. Some batteries are rechargeable. Batteries  can  be  dangerous.  If  used  or  handled improperly,  they  can  explode,  release  toxic  gases,  or leak hazardous chemicals. The   following   section   will   give   you   the   safety precautions for some of the more common types, such as  carbon-zinc  dry  cell  batteries,  manganese-dioxide alkaline-zinc cell batteries, lithium cell batteries, and nickel-cadmium cell batteries. Carbon-Zinc Dry Cell Battery The carbon-zinc dry cell battery is a very common battery  in  the  Navy.  It  has  a  zinc  outer  container,  a carbon center electrode, and a chemical paste for the electrolyte. It is usually sealed in a cardboard or plastic casing. When  you  use,  store,  or  dispose  of  carbon-zinc batteries,   always   observe   the   following   safety precautions: ·   NEVER store carbon-zinc batteries in electronic equipment for extended periods. The corrosive electrolyte   could   leak   out   of   the   battery   and damage the equipment. ·   NEVER throw carbon-zinc batteries into a fire or an incinerator. They could explode. ·   NEVER throw carbon-zinc batteries overboard while at sea; they contain metal pollutants. Store them   on   board   (in   a   plastic-lined   metal container)   until   you   can   properly   dispose   of them ashore. See the Environmental and Natural Resources   Program   Manual,    OPNAVINST 5090.1 (Series) Appendix L. Manganese-Dioxide Alkaline-Zinc Cell Battery Commonly   called   an alkaline    battery,   the manganese-dioxide alkaline-zinc cell battery is similar to the carbon-zinc battery. The only difference is the type  of  electrolyte  used.  These  batteries  are  used  in portable electronic equipment. The safety precautions for   alkaline   batteries   are   identical   to   those   for carbon-zinc batteries. Lithium Cell Battery The   lithium   cell   battery   is   a   high-energy,   long lasting battery with a longer shelf life than most other batteries. It is often used in electronic equipment, such as   computers,   communications   and   cryptographic equipment,   torpedoes,   and   missiles.   Unfortunately, lithium   batteries   can   be   very   dangerous.   They   can 4-6 CAUTION PCBs CONTAINS (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) A toxic environmental containment requiring special handling and disposal in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regulations 40 CFR 761-For Disposal Information contact the nearest U.S. E.P.A. Office. In case of accident or spill, call toll free the U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center: 800:424-8802 Also Contact: Tel. No.: Figure 4-4.—EPA-require labels for PCB hazards.