ROOF FRAMING

Figure 6-22.-Common types of bracing: A. Let-in bracing; B. Cut-in bracing; C. Diagonal bracing. Braces Braces are used to stiffen framed construction and help buildings resist the twisting or straining effects of wind or storm. Good bracing keeps corners square and plumb and prevents warping, sagging, and shifts resulting from lateral and external forces that would otherwise tend to distort the frame. Figure 6-22 shows three common methods of bracing frame structures: (A) let-in bracing, (B) cut-in bracing, and (C) diagonal bracing. ROOF FRAMING Roofs must be sloped so that they will shed water. The most common types of roof construction include the intersecting, the shed, the gable, and the hip (fig. 6-23). An INTER- SECTING ROOF consists of a gable and valley or hip and valley intersecting each other at right angles. A SHED ROOF has a single surface that slopes downward from a ridge on one side of the structure. A GABLE ROOF has two surfaces sloping downward from a ridge located between the sides of the structure—usually midway between them. A HIP ROOF is pitched on the sides like a gable roof and also is pitched on one or both ends. Roof Pitch The PITCH (amount of slope) of a roof is expressed as a FRACTION in which the 6-20