7.  Signal  well  in  advance  to  warn  others  of  an intended stop or turn. WET ROADS When  driving  through  water,  reduce  speed  to prevent the brake drums, engine, and ignition from getting wet. Apply foot pressure on the brake pedal just before  entering  and  during  passage  through  water  deep enough  to  enter  the  brakes.  Test  the  brakes  for effectiveness immediately after leaving the water. If water has entered the brake drums and wet the linings, drive  very  slowly  while  gently  applying  sufficient pressure on the brake pedal to cause a slight drag, thereby squeezing the brake linings against the drums and forcing the water out of the linings. Most roads are more slippery just after it begins to rain. This is because oil, that has dropped from vehicles traveling the road, forms a film on the road. Under these conditions, an operator should proceed at a slow speed because at least twice the normal stopping distance is needed to stop a vehicle. When roads are wet, your tires may ride on a thin film  of  water,  like  skis.  This  condition  is  called hydroplaning  and you can easily lose control and skid when your tires are not touching the road. Keep your tires on the road by slowing down when it rains and by having the correct air pressure and good tread on your tires. NIGHT DRIVING Some operators try to drive just as fast at night as they do in the daytime. Speed should always be reduced for  nighttime  driving. NIGHT DRIVING IS TWO TO THREE TIMES MORE   DANGEROUS   THAN   DAY   DRIVING. Fatigue and sharply reduced vision are the primary causes for increased danger. The steady hum of the motor and the darkness on the road ahead tend to lull us to sleep at the wheel. Wide-awake driving is necessary at all times and especially at night, since we cannot see as well at night as we can in daylight. Driving safely after dark requires particular skills and extra care. The  following  are  requirements  and  practices applicable  to  night  driving  which  should  be  carefully observed: . Lower the beams of your headlights when within 500 feet of an approaching vehicle. l l l l l l l l l l Lower the beams of your headlights when within 200 feet of a vehicle in front of you. Lower  the  beams  of  your  headlights  when  you are driving on well-illuminated streets. Use your low-beam headlights when driving in fog, and reduce your speed. Driving with your high beams in fog is like shining your high-beam headlights  on  a  mirror—light  is  reflected  back into your eyes and blinds you. Use your high-beam headlights when it is safe and legal. Using low-beam highlight all the time cuts down on your ability to see ahead. Use your high-beams when you are  NOT within 500 feet of an approaching vehicle. Avoid   looking   directly   into   the   lights   of oncoming vehicles. Instead, watch the right-hand edge of the road. Keep  your  headlights  properly  adjusted  so  the lower beams are not aimed upward into the approaching driver’s eyes. Keep  your  windshield  clean. Slow  down  when  facing  the  glare  from approaching  headlights. Be sure you can stop, when necessary, within the vision distance of the headlights of your vehicle, and watch constantly for pedestrians along the roadside. Use  your  headlights  from  one-half  hour  before sunset to one-half hour after sunrise and at any time  visibility  is  reduced. FOG OR SMOKE Driving in fog or smoke greatly reduces visibility. Use the techniques described earlier for driving on wet roads.  Again,  slow  down,  turn  on  your  low-beam headlights, and be ready for a fast stop. DRIVING UNDER SPECIAL CONDITIONS You  may  have  to  operate  a  vehicle  in  unique conditions. The way you perform under these conditions are  discussed  in  the  following  paragraphs. 5-6