Figure 2-14.—5,000-pound tie-down strap.

adjustment points and may be tightened to fit snugly on most any load. A complete set of 463L nets (three nets) weighs 65 pounds. Other cargo restraints are chains and chain tic-down devices. These are used for large items, such as Conex boxes, Seabee shelters, and refer units, and so forth. Five-thousand-pound tie-down straps (fig. 2-14) are used to secure equipment attachments and provide individual item restraints. Additionally, the tie-down straps provide supplemental restraint to the 463L pallet nets. Cargo is palletized from the heaviest to the lightest. Large and heavy objects are distributed evenly from the center of the pallet outward to prevent the pallet from becoming heavy on one end (fig. 2-15). Additionally, this helps maintain the center of balance at or new the center. Lighter or smaller items are positioned on top or along the side of the heavier cargo, Containers marked “THIS SIDE UP” are placed upright, and cargo with special labels are faced outward whenever possible. Pallets should be constructed in a square or pyramid shape whenever possible (fig. 2-16). This makes the load stable, easy to handle, and easier to secure on the pallet. Each 463L pallet requires dunnage under the pallet when not on board the aircraft. The dunnage consists of three pieces of 4-inch by 4-inch by 90-inch timber and is placed in the center and close to the outside edges of the pallet. This prevents the pallets from warping and enhances forklift operations. Each aircraft has restrictions as to the dimensional size and shape particular to that specific aircraft. Aisleways must be built on pallet position three or four in a C-130 aircraft. Check the particular requirements of the aircraft for which the load is prepared. Figure 2-15.— Pallet cargo placement. Figure 2-14.—5,000-pound tie-down strap. Figure 2-16.—463L square and pyramid pallet cargo placement. 2-12