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Effects of Radiation on Water Chemistry (Synthesis) |
OH
OH
H2O2
(hydrogen peroxide)
OH
H
H2O
H
H
H2
H2O
H
eaq
H2
OH
H2
OH
H2O
H
2H2O2
O2
2H2O
4 ( H2O
radiation
e
H2O
)
4 ( H2O
H2O
H3O
OH )
eaq
H3O
H
H2O
2( OH
OH
H2O2 )
Reactor Water Chemistry
DOE-HDBK-1015/2-93
EFFECTS OF RADIATION
ON WATER CHEMISTRY (SYNTHESIS)
Rev. 0
CH-03
Page 3
Because Reactions (3-4) and (3-5) are slow compared to that in Reaction (3-3), there are three
reactive species present at any one time: hydroxyl radicals (OH), hydrated electrons (e ), and
aq
-
hydrogen atoms (H). These species may undergo any of several possible reactions such as the
following.
(3-6)
(3-7)
(3-8)
(3-9)
(3-10)
Hydrogen peroxide, formed by Reaction (3-6), may also react with the original reactive species,
but at high temperatures H O is unstable, and the predominant reaction is decomposition.
2
2
(3-11)
To illustrate the overall result of these reactions, let us assume that each of the reactive species
produced by successive steps in the irradiation of water reacts in only one way. That is,
whenever several reactions of a particular substance are possible, assume that one predominates
to such an extent that the others are negligible. The following set of reactions is one possibility.
In some cases, entire reactions are multiplied by a factor to allow cancellation of terms when
the reactions are summed.
(3-1)
(3-3)
(3-4)
(3-6)
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