Flammable and Combustible Liquids Summary (Cont.)

DOE-HDBK-1015/2-93 Hazards of Chemicals and Gases FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS Rev. 0 CH-05 Page 43 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Summary (Cont.) The reasons for and techniques used in bonding and grounding of flammable liquid containers are: Static electricity is generated by the contact and separation of dissimilar material. The principal hazards created by static electricity are those of fire and explosion, which are caused by spark discharges. A spark between two bodies occurs when there is a poor electrical conductive path between them. Bonding is done to eliminate a difference in potential between objects. Grounding is done to eliminate a difference in potential between an object and ground. Four sources of ignition concerning flammable liquids include the following: All sources of static electricity (induce sparks) Improper type of electrical equipment for these atmospheres or poorly maintained electrical equipment Flame-producing operations (smoking, grinding or welding) Improper hand tools that cause sparks The health hazards associated with flammable and/or combustible liquids are: Fire and explosions Skin irritation from the solvent action of many flammable liquids Vapors gather in low points or enclosed areas and cause a toxic environment