ENABLING OBJECTIVES (Cont.)

OBJECTIVES Fluid Flow ENABLING OBJECTIVES (Cont.) 1.15 DEFINE the term head with respect to its use in fluid flow. 1.16 EXPLAIN the energy conversions that take place in a fluid system between the velocity, elevation, and pressure heads as flow continues through a piping system. 1.17 Given the initial and final conditions of the system, CALCULATE the unknown fluid properties using the simplified Bernoulli equation. 1.18 DESCRIBE the restrictions applied to Bernoulli’s equation when presented in its simplest form. 1.19 EXPLAIN how to extend the Bernoulli equation to more general applications. 1.20 RELATE Bernoulli’s principle to the operation of a venturi. 1.21 DEFINE the terms head loss, frictional loss, and minor losses. 1.22 DETERMINE friction factors for various flow situations using the Moody chart. 1.23 CALCULATE the head loss in a fluid system due to frictional losses using Darcy’s equation. 1.24 CALCULATE the equivalent length of pipe that would cause the same head loss as the minor losses that occur in individual components. 1.25 DEFINE natural circulation and forced circulation. 1.26 DEFINE thermal driving head. 1.27 DESCRIBE the conditions necessary for natural circulation to exist. 1.28 EXPLAIN the relationship between flow rate and temperature difference in natural circulation flow. 1.29 DESCRIBE how the operator can determine whether natural circulation exists in the reactor coolant system and other heat removal systems. 1.30 DESCRIBE how to enhance natural circulation flow. 1.31 DEFINE two-phase flow. HT-03 Page viii Rev. 0