BATTERY ACTIVATION—Filling   and   charging   a dry-charged  battery  before  installation. BATTERY CABLES—The   heavy   wires   connecting the battery to the electrical system of the vehicle. BATTERY CAPACITY—The   rating   of   the   current output of a battery. BATTERY  CHARGE  CONDITION—The    state    of the battery plates and electrolyte. BATTERY CHARGER—A   device   for   restoring   a battery to a proper electrical charge. BATTERY DRAIN TEST—A   method   of   checking for unusual current draw with the ignition key off. BATTERY   LEAKAGE   TEST—A check to determine  if  current  is  discharging  across  the  top of the battery case. BATTERY   LOAD   TEST—A     test     for     battery capacity, made under full electrical load. BATTERY TERMINAL TEST—A    test    for    good contact between the cables and terminals. BATTERY  VOLTAGE—For     batteries     used     in modern vehicles, 12.3 volts. BATTERY  VOLTAGE  TEST—A    check    of    the battery charge with a voltmeter. BEARING  NOISE—A   constant   whir   or   humming sound  due  to  damage  or  wear  of  bearings  in  the carrier or axle assemblies. BELTED BIAS TIRE—A  bias-belted  tire  with  extra belts added beneath the tread area. BELTS—Fabric made of steel or other material that is placed between body plies and tread. BENCH  BLEED—Method    of    filling    and    hand pumping  a  master  cylinder  before  installation  to remove trapped air. BIAS PLY TIRE—One with plies running at an angle from bead to bead. BLEEDER SCREW—Fitting  on  the  top  of  the  brake caliper that allows air to be bled from the system. BLEEDING—Process   of   removing   any   trapped   air from a hydraulic system. BRAKE   BOOSTER—Component operated by vacuum  or  power  steering  system  to  decrease braking effort needed. BRAKE  LINES—Metal   tubing   and   rubber   hoses connecting the master cylinder to the wheel brake assemblies. BRAKE  PADS—Replaceable friction surfaces mounted on the caliper of a disc brake system. BRAKE   PEDAL   ASSEMBLY—Foot lever for operating the brake system. BRAKE  PEDAL  VIBRATION—Pulsing    movement of the brake pedal, usually caused by out-of-round brake drum or warped rotor. BRAKE  SHOES—Curved, replaceable friction surfaces used with drum-type brakes. BRAKE SYSTEM—Components   that   are   used   to stop a vehicle. BRAKE SYSTEM FLUSHING—Removal  of  all  old fluid by pressure bleeding, then replacing it with fresh fluid. BRAKE WARNING LIGHT—Dashboard    indicator that warns of low brake system hydraulic pressure. BRAKING  RATIO—Comparison  of  front  wheel  to rear wheel braking effort. BRAKE-AWAY  TORQUE—The   amount   of   torque required to make one axle rotate the clutches in a limited-slip  differential. BRUSHES—Sliding  electrical  contacts  that  ride  on the slip rings of a generator. BURNED   FLUID—A condition caused by overheating  due  to  slippage  of  the  transmission bands. CALIPER—A   disc   brake   assembly   that   holds   the brake pads and the wheel cylinder. CAMBER—The  inward  or  outward  tilt  of  a  wheel assembly. CASE BEARING PRELOAD—The  amount  of  force pushing the differential bearing together. CASTER—The   forward   or   backward   tilt   of   the steering knuckle. CASTER-CAMBER GAUGE—An   instrument   with bubbles that indicate the degree of tilt. CELL—Electrical  energy  storage  device,  consisting of  negative  and  positive  plates  immersed  in  a conductive fluid (electrolyte). CELL VOLTAGE TEST—A   check   of   individual battery cells for correct charge. AI-2