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Figure 3-2.—Structural shapes. |
CHAPTER 3
STRUCTURAL STEEL TERMS
/ LAYOUT AND
FABRICATION OF STEEL AND PIPE
Structural steel is one of the basic materials used
in the construction of frames for most industrial
buildings, bridges, and advanced base structures.
Therefore, you, as a Seabee Steelworker, must have a
thorough knowledge of various steel structural
members. Additionally, it is necessary before any
structural steel is fabricated or erected, a plan of action
and sequence of events be set up. The plans,
sequences, and required materials are predetermined
by the engineering section of a unit and are then drawn
up as a set of blueprints. This chapter describes the
terminology applied to structural steel members, the
use of these members, the methods by which they are
connected, and the basic sequence of events which
occurs during erection.
STRUCTURAL STEEL MEMBERS
Your work will require the use of various
structural members made up of standard structural
shapes manufactured in a wide variety of shapes of
cross sections and sizes. Figure 3-1 shows many of
these various shapes. The three most common types
of structural members are the W-shape (wide flange),
the S-shape (American Standard I-beam), and the
C-shape (American Standard channel). These three
types are identified by the nominal depth, in inches,
along the web and the weight per foot of length, in
pounds. As an example, a W 12 x 27 indicates a
W-shape (wide flange) with a web 12 inches deep and
a weight of 27 pounds per linear foot. Figure 3-2
shows the cross-sectional views of the W-, S-, and
C-shapes. The difference between the W-shape and
Figure 3-1.—Structural shapes and designations.
3-1
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