Chapter 1 Properties and Uses of Metal

• Mechanical Properties
• Strength
• Metal Types
• Steel
• Nonferrous Metals
• True Brass
• Table 1-3.—Surface Colors of Some Common Metals
• Metal Identification
• Figure  1-3.—Using  a  grinding  wheel  dresser.
• Figure  1-4.—Spark  patterns  formed  by  common  metals.
• Table  1-4.—Metal  Identification  by  Chip  Test
• Chip Test

Chapter 2 Basic Heat Treatment

• Heat Colors for Steel
• Table  2-1.—Heat  Colors  for  Steel
• Normalizing
• Case  Hardening
• Figure  2-1.—Progressive  hardening  torch  tip.
• Tempering
• Quenching Media
• Liquid Quenching
• Brine
• Dry Quenching

Chapter 3 Introduction to Welding

• Figure 3-1.—Welding processes.
• Shielded Metal Arc Welding
• Filler Metals
• Fluxes
• Figure 3-7.—Root of joint.
• Parts of Joints
• Figure 3-11.—Weld reinforcement.
• Types of Welds
• Figure 3-17.—Surfacing welds.
• Parts of Welds
• Welded Joint Design
• Butt Joints
• Corner Joints
• Lap Joints
• Welding Positions
• Figure 3-30.—Welding position-pipe.
• Controlling Distortion
• Proper  Edge  Preparation  and  Fit-up
• Welding Procedures
• Drawings
• Figure  3-37.—Welding  procedure  specification.
• Figure 3-37.—Welding procedure specification-Continued.
• Figure 3-38.—Line characters and Uses.
• Dimensions
• Drawing  Views
• Welding Symbols
• Dimensioning
• Figure  3-48.—Elements  of  a  welding  symbol.
• Supplementary  Symbols
• Specifying  Additional  Information
• Safety
• Table  3-1.—Recommended  Filter  Lenses  for  Various  Welding  Operations
• Figure 3-57.—Welding gloves and mitts.
• Safety, Continued

Chapter 4 Gas Cutting

• Figure  4-1.—Oxygas  cutting  outfit.
• Acetylene
• MAPP Gas
• Oxygen
• Regulators
• Double-Stage  Regulators
• Hoses
• Torch Body
• Figure 4-13.—Common cutting torch tips and their uses.
• Figure 4-14.—Four cutting-tip conditions.
• Figure 4-16.—MAPP gas cutting tips.
• Oxygas Cutting Operations
• Cutting Mild-Carbon Steel
• Cutting Thin Steel
• Cutting Cast Iron
• Gouging Mild Steel
• Figure 4-25.—Electric motor-driven carriage
• Cutting and Beveling Pipe
• Cutting Rivets
• Cutting Wire Rope
• Judging Cutting Quality
• Safety Precautions
• Figure 4-32.—Titles and color codes for compressed-gas cylinders.
• Figure 4-33.—Identifying color patterns for gas cylinders.
• Handling and Storing Gas Cylinders

Chapter 5 Gas Welding

• Figure  5-1.—An  oxygas  welding  outfit.
• Figure  5-4.—Equal-pressure  welding  torch.
• OPeration and Maintenance of Oxygas Equipment
• Maintaining the Equipment
• Welding Torch Tips
• Forehand Welding
• Joint Edge Preparation
• Oxygas Welding of Nonferrous Metals
• Nickel  and  High-Nickel  Alloys
• Figure  5-10.—Edge  preparation  for  gas-welding  aluminum.
• Welding Techniques
• Fusion Welding Pipe
• Figure  5-13.—Chain  clamps  quickly  align pipe fittings of any description.

Chapter 6 Soldering, Brazing, Braze Welding and Wearfacing

• Figure  6-3.—Filing  a  soldering  copper.
• Electric Soldering Coppers
• Soft Solder
• Fluxes
• Soldering Techniques
• Soldering  Aluminum  Alloys
• Brazing
• Joint Design
• Brazing Procedures
• Work Support
• Braze Welding
• Figure 6-17.—Silver-brazed joints designed to use preplaced silver alloy rings.
• Braze Welding Procedures
• Wearfacing
• Wearfacing Materials
• Figure 6-20.—Grader blade with hardfacing material applied to cutting edge.

Chapter 7 Shielded Metal-arc Welding and Wearfacing

• Power Source
• Cables
• Electrode  Holder
• Equipment Operation and Maintenance
• Electrodes
• Electrode Selection
• Electrode Storage
• Starting the Arc
• Setting the Current
• Length of Arc
• Arc Welding Positions
• Plat-Position Welding
• Butt Joints with Backing Strips
• Horizontal-Position Welding
• Electrode Movement
• Lap Joints
• Vertical-Position Welding
• Joint Type
• Figure 7-37.—Fillet welds in the vertical position.
• Overhead Position Welding
• Type of Welds
• Figure 7-41.—Fillet welding in the overhead position.
• Table 7-3—Causes and Cures of Common Welding Problems
• Pipe Welding
• Joint Preparation and Fit-up
• Wear Facing
• Preheating
• Bulldozer Blades
• Carbon-Arc Cutting
• Figure 7-53.—Air carbon-arc cutting.
• Air Carnon-Arc Gouging
• Welding Quality Control
• Magnetic Particle Inspection, Continued
• Liquid Penetrant Inspection
• Figure  7-60.—Liquid  penetrant  inspection.
• Destructive Testing
• Figure 7-61.—Free-bend test
• Guided-Bend  Test
• Nick-Break  Test
• Fillet-Welded Joint Test
• Etching Test
• Safety Regulations

Chapter 8 Gas Shield-Arc Welding

• GTA Welding Equipment and Supplies
• Figure 8-4.—Effects of polarity on the weld.
• Torches
• Electrodes
• Shielding Gas
• Table 8-4.—Selection of Shielding Gases for Various GMAW and GTAW Applications
• GTA Welding Preparation
• GTA Welding Procedures
• Welded Joints
• Figure 8-18.—GTA welding a lap joint.
• Out-of-Position Welding
• GTA Welding Common Metals
• Gas Metal-Arc Welding-GMAW
• GMA Welding Equipment and Supplies
• Shielding Gas
• Filler Wires
• Types of GMA Welding
• GMA Welding Preparation
• Welding Positions
• Common Weld Defects
• GMA Welding Common Metals

Appendix I Glossary

• Appendix I, Continued

Appendix II References Used to Develop the Traman

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Index

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Assignment Questions

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