Types of Welds

Figure 3-13.—Standard groove welds. TYPES OF WELDS Some of the com- the bead, groove, resistance. There are many types of welds. mon types you will work with are fillet, surfacing, tack, plug, slot, and As a beginner, the first type of weld that you learn to produce is called a weld bead (referred to simply as a bead). A weld bead is a weld deposit produced by a single pass with one of the welding processes. An ex- ample of a weld bead is shown in figure 3-12. A weld bead may be either narrow or wide, depending on the amount of transverse oscillation (side-to-side move- ment) used by the welder. When there is a great deal of oscillation, the bead is wide; when there is little or no oscillation, the bead is narrow. A weld bead made with- out much weaving motion is often referred to as a stringer bead. On the other hand, a weld bead made with side-to-side oscillation is called a weave bead. Groove welds are simply welds made in the groove between two members to be joined. The weld is adapt- able to a variety of butt joints, as shown in figure 3-13. Groove welds may be joined with one or more weld beads, depending on the thickness of the metal. If two or more beads are deposited in the groove, the weld is made with multiple-pass layers, as shown in figure 3-14. As a rule, a multiple-pass layer is made with stringer beads in manual operations. As a Steelworker, you will use groove welds frequently in your work. Another term you should be familiar with, when making a multiple-pass weld, is the buildup sequence, as shown in figure 3-15. Buildup sequence refers to the Figure 3-14.—Multiple-pass layers. Figure 3-15.—Weld layer sequence. order in which the beads of a multiple-pass weld are deposited in the joint. NOTE: Often welding instructions specify an in- terpass temperature. The interpass temperature refers to the temperature below which the previously deposited weld metal must be before the next pass may be started. 3-9