Trenches less than 5 feet in depth shall also be protected  when  examination  of  the  ground indicates hazardous ground movement may be expected.  The  safe  angle  of  repose  for  soil conditions  and  bracing  systems  shall  be determined by a qualified person. Refer  to  the  EM  385  for  specific  details.  All excavations    must    follow    29CFR1910.28,    OSHA Standards. SCAFFOLDING Here   is   a   general   listing   of   scaffolding requirements  (for  a  complete  list  see  the  EM  385  and 29CFR1910.28): l l l l l l l l l l Scaffolds or platforms are required for all work that cannot be done safely from the ground. Work  requiring  lifting  of  heavy  materials  or substantial exertion cannot be done from lad- ders. Scaffolds  must  be  kept  clear  of  ice,  snow, grease, mud, and such. All scaffolds and walkways must beat least 18 inches  wide. Ladder jacks, lean-tos, and prop scaffolds are prohibited. Scaffolds  must  be  placed  on  a  firm,  smooth foundation  and  may  not  be  placed  on  loose bricks, blocks, or other unstable objects. Nails must be driven full length; double-headed nails are not allowed. Planking must be lapped at least 12 inches. The EM 385 and 29CFR1910.28 list the correct dimensions  and  type  of  scaffold  material. A scaffold in excess of 6 feet in height (4 where horizontal  dimension  is  less  than  45  inches) requires  standard  railing  on  open  sides  and ends. SAFETY ITEMS REQUIRED ON THE JOBSITE The  following  safety  equipment  is  required  on  all project  sites.  See  the  EM  385  for  additional information. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Emergency Plans— Each jobsite must have posted  the  location  of  the  nearest  phone  with the   telephone   numbers   and   reporting instructions  for  ambulance,  hospital, physician,  police,  and  fire  department personnel. First-Aid/CPR Qualified Personnel — If a medical  facility  is  not  readily  accessible  (due to  time  or  distance),  two  crew  members  must be first-aid and CPR qualified. First-Aid Kits—  There must be one kit for every  25  or  less  personnel,  and  it  must  be checked  weekly  for  consumed  items. Toilet Facilities— If toilet facilities are not readily available, portable facilities must be provided. Drinking Water— Water must be provided from  an  approved  source.  It  must  be  labelled for  drinking  only  and  not  used  for  other purposes. Common cups are not allowed. Temporary Fencing— If the jobsite is in an area  of  active  public  use,  temporoary  fencing is required. Warning  Signs—  Post  red  for  immediate hazards  and  yellow  for  potential  hazards. Eyewash Facility — Where personnel are exposed  to  or  handling  poisons,  acids,  caustics, or  toxic  chemicals,  eyewash  facilities  are required. Fire  Extinguishes  —  There  must  be  one approved  fire  extinguisher  for  every  3,000 square  feet  (or  major  fraction  thereof)  of building space with at least one per floor. Material Safety Data Sheets — This  paper work is required for any hazardous material on the   jobsite. Safety  Manuals—  Both  the  EM  385  and 29CFR1926 are required to be kept on the jobsite. PROJECT  CLOSEOUT This  section  will  assist  the  crew  leader  in completing operational and administration steps when the  project  comes  to  a  close.  This  section  also  will assist   you   with   the   preparations   for   your   final inspection. 2-45