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Figure 7-31.—Reinforcing vertical walls. | Up
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CHAPTER 8
HEAVY CONSTRUCTION
LEARNING OBJECTIVE: You will be able to describe the procedures for erecting
heavy timber bridges, shoring, pile construction, waterfront structures, timber
fasteners and connectors, and steel frame structures. Identify the different types of
pile-driving equipment, types of piles, and understand the many safety hazards
associated with pile driving.
As a Builder, you may perform various construction
operations involving heavy structures. This chapter
describes equipment, terminology, methods, and
techniques of heavy construction. Since heavy
construction is hazardous work, the use of safe working
practices at all times can prevent injuries to personnel
and damage to equipment. This chapter explains the
methods of constructing heavy timber structures and
waterfront structures in terms of contingency operations
vice commercial or industrial construction.
As a general rule, the term heavy construction refers
to the type of construction in which large bulks of
materials (over 5 inches thick) and extra-heavy struc-
tural members are used, such as steel, timber, concrete,
or a combination of these materials. In the Naval
Construction Force (NCF), heavy construction includes
the construction of bridges, shoring operations,
waterfront structures, and steel frame structures.
BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION
A bridge is a structure used to carry traffic over a
depression or an obstacle, and it generally consists of
two principal parts as follows: the lower part, or
SUBSTRUCTURE and the upper part, or
SUPERSTRUCTURE. When a bridge is supported
only at its two end supports, or abutments, it is called a
single-span bridge. A bridge with one or more
intermediate supports, as shown in figure 8-1, is known
Figure 8-1.—A multispan (trestle-bent) bridge.
8-1
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