Additional  ways  to  identify  the  right  screwdriver are  as  follows: 1. If the screwdriver tends to stand up unassisted when the point is put in the head of a vertical screw, it  is  probably  the  proper  one. 2. The outline of the end of a Reed and Prince screwdriver is approximately a right angle, as seen in figure  1-50. 3. In general, Reed and Prince screws are used for  airframe  structural  applications,  while  Phillips screws  are  found  most  often  in  component  assemblies. Torq-Set Screws Torq-Set  machine  screws  (offset  cross-slot  drive) have recently begun to appear in new equipment. The main  advantage  of  the  newer  type  is  that  more  torque can  be  applied  to  its  head  while  tightening  or loosening  than  to  any  other  screw  of  comparable  size and  material  without  damaging  the  head  of  the  screw. Torq-Set machine screws are similar in appearance to  the  more  familiar  Phillips  machine  screws. Since  a  Phillips  driver  could  easily  damage  a Torq-Set  screwhead,  making  it  difficult  if  not impossible  to  remove  the  screw  even  if  the  proper  tool is later used, maintenance personnel should be alert to the differences (fig. 1-49) and make sure the proper tool  is  used. OFFSET  SCREWDRIVERS An  offset  screwdriver  (fig.  1-47)  may  be  used where  there  is  not  sufficient  vertical  space  for  a standard  or  recessed  screwdriver.  Offset  screwdrivers are constructed with one blade forged in line and another blade forged at right angles to the shank handle. Both blades are bent 90 degrees to the shank handle.  By  alternating  ends,  most  screws  can  be seated or loosened even when the swinging space is very restricted. Offset screwdrivers are made for both standard  and  recessed-head  screws. RATCHET SCREWDRIVER For  fast,  easy  work,  the  ratchet  screwdriver  (fig. 1-47),  is  extremely  convenient,  as  it  can  be  used one-handed and does not require the bit to be lifted out of the slot after each turn. It may be fitted with either a standard-type bit or a special bit for recessed heads.  The  ratchet  screwdriver  is  most  commonly used  by  the  woodworker  for  driving  screws  in  soft wood. SAFETY Screwdrivers, like any other hand tool, are dangerous  when  not  used  properly.  Therefore,  the following  safety  precautions  should  always  be followed: · Never  use  a  screwdriver  to  check  an  electrical circuit. · Never try to turn a screwdriver with a pair of pliers. · Do not hold work in your hand while using a screwdriver– if the point slips, it can cause a bad cut. Hold the work in a vise, with a clamp, or on a solid surface. If that is impossible, you will always be safe if you follow this rule: NEVER GET ANY PART OF YOUR  BODY  IN  FRONT  OF  THE  SCREWDRIVER BLADE TIP. That is a good safety rule for any sharp or  pointed  tool. PLIERS Pliers are made in many styles and sizes and are used  to  perform  many  different  operations.  Pliers  are used for cutting purposes, as well as holding and gripping  small  articles  in  situations  where  it  may  be inconvenient  or  impossible  to  use  hands.  Figure  1-51 shows  several  different  kinds. The  combination  pliers  are  handy  for  holding  or bending flat or round stock. The long-nosed pliers are less rugged, and break easily if you use them on heavy  jobs. Long-nosed  pliers,  commonly  called needle-nose pliers, are especially useful for holding small  objects  in  tight  places  and  for  making  delicate adjustments.  The  round-nosed  kind  are  handy  when you need to crimp sheet metal or form a loop in a wire.  The  diagonal  cutting  pliers,  commonly  called "diagonals"  or  “dikes,”  are  designed  for  cutting  wire and cotter pins close to a flat surface and are especially  useful  in  the  electronic  and  electrical  fields. The duckbill pliers are used extensively in aviation areas. 1-30