PIPE AND TUBING CUTTERS AND FLARING TOOLS

the threaded hole. Tap extractors are used to remove broken taps (fig. 1-44, view A). Screw extractors (view B) are straight, with spiraling flutes at one end. These extractors are available in sizes to remove broken screws having 1/4- to 1/2-inch outside diameters (ODs). Spiral tapered extractors are sized to remove screws and bolts from 3/16 inch to 2 1/8 inches OD. Most sets of extractors include twist drills and a drill guide. Tap extractors are similar to the screw extractors and are sized to remove taps ranging from 3/16 inch to 2 1/8 inches OD. To remove a broken screw or tap with a spiral extractor, first drill a hole of proper size in the screw or tap. The size hole required for each screw extractor is stamped on it. The extractor is then inserted in the hole, and turned counterclockwise to remove the defective component. PIPE AND TUBING CUTTERS AND FLARING TOOLS Pipe cutters (fig. 1-45) are used to cut pipe made of steel, brass, copper, wrought iron, or lead. Tube cutters (fig. 1-45) are used to cut tubing made of iron, steel, brass, copper, or aluminum. The essential difference between pipe and tubing is that tubing has considerably thinner walls. Flaring tools (fig. 1-46) are used to make flares in the ends of tubing. Two sizes of hand pipe cutters are generally used in the Navy. The No. 1 pipe cutter has a cutting capacity of 1/8 inch to 2 inches, and the No. 2 pipe cutter has a cutting capacity of 2 to 4 inches. The pipe cutter (fig. 1-45) has a special alloy-steel cutting wheel and two pressure rollers, which are adjusted and tightened by turning the handle. Most TUBE CUTTERS closely resemble pipe cutters, except that they are of lighter construction. A hand screw feed tubing cutter of l/8-inch to 1 l/4-inch capacity (fig. 1-45) has two rollers with cutouts located off center so that cracked flares may be held in them and cut off without waste of tubing. It also has a retractable cutter blade, which is adjusted by turning a knob. The other tube cutter shown is designed to cut tubing up to and including 1 inch OD. Rotation of the triangular portion of the tube cutter within the tubing will eliminate any burrs. FLARING TOOLS (fig. 1-46) are used to flare soft copper, brass, or aluminum. The single flaring 1-27 Figure 1-45.-Pipe and tubing cutters.