Principles Of Internal Combustion Engines

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Principles Of Internal Combustion Engines

Principles Of Internal Combustion Engines
Notice to Students
Table of Contents
Important notice
Lesson 1. Internal Combustion Engines
Piston Engine Characteristics
Figure 3. Piston and Crankshaft
Figure 5. Intake and Exhaust Ports and Valves
Compression Stroke.
Exhaust Stroke.
Figure 7. Four Stroke Cycle Operations
Engine Accessory Systems.
Figure 9. Timing Grass And Flywheel.
Comparison of Engine Types.
Figure 11. Two Stroke Cycle Engine
Figure 12. The Two Stroke Cycle.
Rotating and Reciprocating Parts
Construction Materials
Cam Grinding
Partial-Skirted
Figure 17. Pistion Structure
Figure 18. Purpose Of Piston Rings.
Figure 19. Piston Rings Types And Discription
Configurations.
Compression Ring.
Figure 22. Operation of Compression Rings
Oil Control Rings
Conclusion
Task 2. Describe the principles, components, and operation of both the two stroke
Figure 25. The Four Stroke Cycle Diesel
Figure 26. Comparison of Diesel and Gasoline Engine Compression Strokes
Operation.
Figure 28. Comparison of Gasoline and Diesel Engine Regulation of Power
Figure 29. Four Stroke Cycle Diesel
Advantages.
Two Stroke Cycle Diesel
Scavenging
Compression.
Disadvantages.
Combustion Chamber Design
Precombustion Chamber
Turbulence Chamber
Spherical Combustion Chamber
Figure 37. Spherical Chamber
Conclusion
Practical Exercise 1
Practical Exercise 1 - Continued
Lesson 1. Practical Exercise - Answers
Lesson 2. Internal Combustion Engine Subsystems
Figure 38. Typical Intake Manifold
Ram Induction
Intake Manifold Flame Heater System
Figure 41. Water-Heated Intake Manifold
Exhaust Manifold
Muffler
Turbochargers
Figure 46. Muffler
Conclusion
Task 2. Describe the principles, components, and operation of the lubrication system
Figurem 48. Typical Engine Lubrication System
Engine Oils
Figure 49. How Oil Lubricants
Oil Dilution
American Petroleum Institute (API) Rating System.
Viscosity and Viscosity Measurement.
Oil Pumps.
Gear-Type Oil Pump
Figure 52. Gear-Type Pumps
Oil Filters.
Filter System Configurations.
Oil Coolers.
Oil Temperature Regulator
Figure 7. Oil Temperature Regulator and Oil Cooler
Oil Level Indicator
Pressure Regulator
Figure 60. Splash - Type Lubrication System
Combination Splash and Force-Feed System
Full Force-Feed Lubrication System
Conclusion
Task 3. Describe the principles, components, and operation of the cooling system
Liquid Cooling Systems
Figure 64. Liquid - Cooled System
Engine Water Jackets
Radiators
Water Pump
Fan and Shrouding
Thermostatically Controlled Engine-Driven Fan.
Figure 68. Electrically Motorized Fan
Variable Pitch
Configurations.
Figure 71. Pellet Type Thermostat
Figure 72. Coolant Bypass
Radiator Pressure Cap.
Closed Cooling System
Air Cooling Systems
Figure 76. Air Cooling System
Conclusion
Practical Exercise 2
Lesson 2. Practical Exercise - Answers
References
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Principles Of Internal Combustion Engines

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