Principles of Internal Combustion Engines

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Principles of Internal Combustion Engines

Principles of Internal Combustion Engines
Notice to Students
General
Table of Contents
Importance Notice
Lesson 1. Internal Combustion Engines
Piston Engine Characteristics
Figure 2. Piston Engine Operation.
Figure 3. Piston and Crankshaft
Action in the Cylinder
Figure 5. Intake And Exhaust Ports And Valves
Compression Stroke.
Valve Train.
Figure 7. Four Stroke Cycle Operations
Engine Accessory Systems.
Figure 9. Timing Gears and Fyweel .
Comparison of Engine Types.
Figure 11. Two Stroke Cycle Engine.
Figure 12. The Two Stroke Cycle
Rotating and Reciprocating Parts
Construction Materials.
Cam Grinding
Partial - Skirted (SlipperSkirt) Pistons
Strength and Structure
Piston Rings.
Description
Configurations.
Compression Ring.
Figure 22. Operation of Compression Rings
Second Compression Ring
Figure 24. Oil Control Rings
Task 2. Describe the Principles, Components, and Operation of Both the Two Stroke and Four Stroke Diesel Engines
Figure 25. The Four Stroke Cycle Diesel
Figure 26. Comparison of Diesel and Gasoline Engine Compression Strokes
Operation.
Figure 28. Comparison of Gasoline and Diesel Engine Regulation of Power
Figure 29. Four Stroke Cycle Diesel
Advantages.
Two Stroke Cycle Diesel
Operation (figure 32 on the following page).
Figure 32. The Two Stroke Diesel Cycle
Disadvantages.
Combustion Chamber Design
Precombustion Chamber
Turbulence Chamber
Spherical Combustion Chamber
Figure 37. Spherical Chamber
Conclusion
Practical Exercise 1
Practical Exercise 1 - Continued
Lesson 1. Practical Exercise - Answers
Lesson 2. Internal Combustion Engine Subsystems
Figure 38. Typical Intake Manifold
Heating the Mixture.
Intake Manifold Flame Heater System
Figure 41. Water-Heated Intake Manifold
Exhaust System
Exhaust Manifold
Muffler
Turbochargers
Figure 46. Muffler
Figure 47. Turbocharger
Task 2. Describe the principles, components, and operation of the lubrication system
Figure 48. Typical Engine Lubrication System
Engine Oils
Figure 49. How Oil Lubricates
Oil Dilution
American Petroleum Institute (API) Rating System
Viscosity and Viscosity Measurement
Oil Pumps
GearType Oil Pump
Figure 52. Gear - Type Pumps
Oil Pilters
Filter System Configurations
Oil Coolers.
Oil Temperature Regulator
Figure 57. Oil Temperature Regulatory and Oil Cooler
Oil Level Indicator
Types of Lubrication Systems
Figure 60. Splash - Type Lubrication System
Combination Splash and ForceFeed System
Full ForceFeed Lubrication System
Conclusion
Task 3. Describe the principles, components, and operation of the cooling system
Liquid Cooling Systems
Figure 64. Liquid - Cooled System
Engine Water Jackets
Corrosion Resistance.
Figure 65. Engine Radiator Construction
Fan and Shrouding
Thermostatically Controlled EngineDriven Fan.
Figure 68. Electrically Motorized Fan
Thermostats.
Configurations
Figure 71. Pellet - Type Thermostat
Figure 72. Coollant Bypass
Radiator Pressure Cap.
Closed Cooling System
Air Cooling Systems
Figure 76. Air Cooling System
Conclusion
Practical Exercise 2
Lesson 2. Practical Exercise - Answers
References
Blank Page

Principles of Internal Combustion Engines

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