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Mechanical and Electro
Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Measurment Principles
Administrative Instructions
General Information
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Lesson 1: Temperature and Humidity Measurement
The Nature and Heat and Temperature
Heat and Energy
Table 1 Thermal Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases
Figure 2. Energy, heat, and power in an electrical circuit.
Table 2 Applied Energy--Kinetic Energy--Heat
Temperature
Figure 3. Common thermometer scales.
Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer
Figure 4. Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer
Resistance Thermometer
Mueller Temperature Bridge
Mueller Temperature Bridge cont'd
Figure 5. Mueller temperature bridge.
Figure 6. Mueller bridge ratio arms.
Figure 8. Mueller bridge four-terminal connections.
Figure 9. Four-terminal connections to an equivalent Mueller bridge.
Table 5 Resistance-Temperature Conversion Values for Platinum Resistance Thermometer
Thermometer Calibration
Figure 10. Thermometer calibrator.
Related Heat Sensing and Measuring Instruments
Figure 12. Thermocouple application
Figure 13. Platinum-platinum rhodium thermocouple.
Figure 14. Thermocouple measurement circuits.
Figure 15. Junction temperatures versus junction emf.
Tabxle 6 Millivolt-Temperature Conversion Chart
hermoelectric pyrometers
Table 7 Leads Northup Optical Pyrometers
Humidity
Table 8 Water vapor capacity of air
Figure 17. Wet and dry bulb psychrometer
The psychrometer
Figure 18. Cross section of a shielded psychrometer.
Mechanical Hygrometer
Dew point hygrometer
Table 9 Relative Humidity
Figure 20. Dew Point Hygrometer
Other types of hygrometers cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 1
Exercise for Lesson 1 cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 1 cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 1 cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 1 cont'd
Lesson 2. Pressure Measurements and Devices
Pressure Principles
Figure 1. Fluid pressure within a system
Figure 3. Hydraulic (hydrostatic) press principle
Atmospheric Pressure and Vacuum
Figure 4. One atmosphere--standard pressure
Atmospheric Pressure and Vacuum cont'd
Figure 5. Atmospheric pressure changes
Figure 6. Gages with concentric and eccentric scales
Classification of Gages cont'd
Classification of a gage
Classification of a gage cont'd
Calibration of Gages
Hysteresis
Range error
Figure 10. Adjustment to correct for range error
Scale shape error
Figure 12. Adjustment to correct for scale shape error
Figure 13. Sighting the mercury level
Figure 14. Calibration of altimeters
Figure 15. A-1 barometer computing correction mechanism
Figure 16. Barometer calibration correction chart
Figure 17. The Aneroid Barometer
Manometers
Figure 18. Relationship of Force and Pressure
Figure 19. Approximate Relationships of Reference Pressures
Well Type Manometer Principle
Manometer Pressure Measurements
Figure 21. Manometer basic test connections
Manometer Pressure Measurements cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 2
Exercise for Lesson 2 cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 2 cont'd
Lesson 3. Rotary and Torque Measurements
Figure 1. Generating a circle by a rotating vector
Figure 2. A radian angle , when S is equal to r.
Angular velocity
Figure 3. The basic principles of a pendulum type mechanical tachometer
Figure 4. Sweeney Model 1000 Tachometer Tester
The Optical Tachometer
Figure 6. Optical tachometer schematic diagram
The Stroboscope
Figure 7. The Stroboscope
Torque Measurements
Torque Measurements cont'd
Torque Measurements cont'd
Sweeney Type Torque Wrench Calibrator
Figure 8. Torque Tester Application
Baldwin Type Torque Calibrator
Figure 9. Baldwin 4 Operation Controls and Indicators
Figure 10. Torque Application System
Figure 11. Torque Measuring System Schematic Diagram
Torque calibrator application and operation
Table 2. Torque Wrench Tester Controls and Indicator
Set the torque wrench to the required setting for testing.
Figure 12. Wrench Test Stop Adjustments
Figure 13. Proving Ring Mounting
Table 3. Calibration Arm Size
You have completed the reading material for this chapter
Exercise for Lesson 3
Exercise for Lesson 3 cont'd
Lesson 4 Vibration Measurments and Equipment
Types of Vibration
Velocity Pickup 4-102A
Figure 1. Velocity Pickup 4-102A
Pickup Attachment
Figure 2. Equivalent Circuit of Vibration Meter Input
Figure 3. Vibration Meter Front Panel
Figure 4. Vibration Meter Block Diagram
Operation cont'd
Meter Calibration
Vibration Pickup Calibrations
Electric Panel Assembly
Figure 5. Pickup Calibrator Schematic
Calibrator Application
Figure 6. Pickup Calibrator Front Panel
Calibrator Application cont'd
Calibrator Application cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 4
Exercise for Lesson 4 cont'd
Lesson 5. Weights and Balances
Figure 1. Mass Standards
Table 1. Classes of Weights
Characteristics
Figure 2. Weight Sets and their Case
Simple comparisons
Figure 3. Representative Balance Assembly
Figure 4. Beam with Rider
Analytical (Micro) Balance
Analytical (Micro) Balance cont'd
Table 2. Conversion Factors for Units of Mass
Figure 5. Type ION Analytical Balance
Analytical (Micro) Balance cont'd
Analytical (Micro) Balance cont'd
Analytical (Micro) Balance cont'd
Figure 6. Single Pan and Door Location
Analytical (Micro) Balance cont'd
Figure 7. Arrangement of Weights on the type ION Balance
Figure 8. Side view of Weights on a Typical Analytical Balance
Figure 9. Type 21 Analytical Balance
Analytical (Micro) Balance cont'd
Exercise for Lesson 6
Exercise for Lesson 6 cont'd
Approved Solution
Approved Solution cont'd

Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Measurment Principles

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