Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene

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Army Medical

Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene
Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene
Development
Table of Contents
Introduction
Procedures for Subcourse Completion
Lesson Assignment
Lesson 1: Introduction to Occupational Health
General Organization for Programs, Their Regulations and Backgrounds
Department of Defense.
Department of the Army staff
Health Services Command.
Installation, Activity, and Unit Commanders.
Army Occupational Health Program
Army Occupational Health Program-cont.
Responsibilities
Sources of Support
Scope of the Association of Occupational Health Professionals
Industrial Hygiene Surveys.
Treatment of Illness and Injuries.
Illness Absence Monitoring.
Pregnancy Surveillance Program.
Hearing Conservation Program.
Introduction to Industrial Hygiene
Essential Industrial Hygiene Program Elements
Health Hazard Information Module.
Hazard Evaluation.
Record Keeping.
Worker Education/Training
The wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index
Figure 1-4. WBGT kit.
Table 1-1. Heat injury prevention.
Solar radiation injuries
The importance attached to the prevention and control of heat
Figure 1-5. Wind chill chart.
The Phase of Industrial Hygiene
Directives and References
Safety Signs and Specifications
Figure 1-6. Design of danger signs.
Caution Signs.
Radiation Symbols and Signs.
Figure 1-9. Radiation symbol.
Figure 1-10. Signs and labels for laser devices.
Biological Hazard Signs.
Table 1-5. Examples of wording for safety instruction signs.
Figure 1-13. Directional signs.
Exercises, Lesson 1
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 1
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.
Lesson Assignment
Lesson 2: Control of Toxic Substances
Liquids (liquid itself, vapors, and mists).
Routes of Entry of Toxic Agents
Effects of Chemicals on the Body
Factors Affecting Toxicity
Section II. Atmospheric Hazards
Other Gases
Narcotizing Gases.
Section III. Organic Solvent Hazards
Bodily Effects
Prevention and Control
Prevention of Occupational Dermatitis.
Standards
Computation of a Time-Weighed Average.
Working with TLV Data.
Working with TLV Data-cont.
Sampling Techniques
Operation/process area sample-cont.
Figure 2-1. Evacuated flask for collecting grab sample.
Figure 2-2. Bag for collecting grab samples
Sampling Instrumentation and Methods
Figure 2-3. Absorption devices for collecting gaseous or vapor forms of soluble contaminants.
Figure 2-5. Cyclone/filter holder assembly and sampling pump.
Figure 2-6. Precision piston gas detector system
Figure 2-7. Portable carbon monoxide monitor.
Respirable dust sampling.
Section IV. Respiratory Protective Devices
Type of Respirators
Gas and Vapor-Removing Respirators.
Figure 2-12. Gas mask.
Chemical cartridge respirators.
Table 2-2. Color-coding for cartridges and gas mask canisters.
Figure 2-13. Chemical cartridge respirator.
Dust, Fume, and Mist Respirators (Particulate Respirators).
Combination Gas, Vapor, and Particulate Removing Respirators.
Atmosphere-Supplying Respirators
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
Supplied-Air Respirators.
Selecting the Proper Respiratory Protective Device
Instruction in Respirator Use
Assignment of Respirators to Personnel
Inspection
Program Surveillance and Evaluation
Approving Agencies
Exercises, Lesson 2
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.
Solutions to Exercises. Lesson 2
Solutions to Exercises. Lesson 2-cont.
Solutions to Exercises. Lesson 2-cont.
Lesson Assignment
Lesson 3: Noise and the Conservation of Hearing
Preventive Medicine Specialist.
Section II. The Army Hearing Conservation Program
The Mechanics of Hearing
Figure 3-1. Anatomy of the human ear.
Spectrum of Sound.
Table 3-1. Some typical noise levels.
The Effects of Noise on the Ear
Factors Determining the Degree of Noise Hazard
The Noise Survey
Hazardous Noise Standards
Noise Control Methods.
Figure 3-3. Safety poster (inserting the triple-flange earplugs).
Figure 3-5. Safety poster (general information on earmuffs).
Personal Protective Measures
Figure 3-7. Type I earmuffs.
Figure 3-8. Type II earmuffs.
Table 3-3. Ear plugs and earmuffs available through medical and/or regular supply channels.
Figure 3-9. Examples of poorly fitted/poorly inserted earplugs and well-fitted/properly-seated earplugs
Figure 3-9. Examples of poorly fitted/poorly inserted earplugs-concluded
Medical Control Measures
Figure 3-10. Example of an earplug fitting and educational pack.
Periodic Hearing Evaluation
Figure 3-11. Typical sound level measuring equipment.
Use of the Sound Level Meters (SLM)
The Sound Level Calibrator
Exercises, Lesson 3
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.
Lesson Assignment
Lesson 4: Ventilation
Section II. Ventialtion Selection Criteria
Dilution Selection Criteria.
Local Exhaust Ventilation
Figure 4-2. Schematic of a local exhaust system.
Guidelines for Air-Flow in Ventilation Systems
Air Velocity.
Types of Pressures
Types of Pressure Losses
Measuring Instrumentation for Air-Flow and Velocity
Heated thermocouple anemometer.
Measuring Air Flow Within the System
Figure 4-6. Relationships between pressures in an exhausting system.
Figure 4-7. Construction of the standard Pitot tube.
Figure 4-9. Traverse of a round and a rectangular duct.
Aneroid gauges.
Coefficient of entry.
Air Flow System Surveys
System Operation vs System Start-Up.
Data Handling and Recording.
Evaluating the Performance of Airflow Systems
Visualization devices
Two distinct limitations on the use of visualization techniques
Exercises, Lesson 4
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.
Appendix A. References
Appendix A. References-cont.
Appendix B. Typical Operations Found at Military Installation: Their Exposures and Controls
Appendix B. Typical Operations Found at Military Installation-cont.
Appendix B. Typical Operations Found at Military Installation-cont.
Appendix B. Typical Operations Found at Military Installation-cont.
Appendix C. Common Industrial Hazards Found in the Army
Appendix C. Common Industrial Hazards Found in the Army-cont.
Appendix C. Common Industrial Hazards Found in the Army-cont.
Appendix C. Common Industrial Hazards Found in the Army-cont.
Appendix C. Common Industrial Hazards Found in the Army-cont.
Appendix D. Industrial Hygiene Sampling Guide Instruction for Submission of Industrial Hygiene Air Samples
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Air Sampling Procedures For Chemicals Contaminants-cont.
Appendix E. Threshold Limit Values for Selected Substances, 1990-1991
Appendix F. Guide for Selection of Respirators
Appendix F. Guide for Selection of Respirators-cont.
Appendix G. Use of GR 1565, Sound Level Meters
Appendix G. Use of GR 1565, Sound Level Meters-cont.
Appendix H. Completion of DD Form 2214, Noise Survey
Appendix H. Completion of DD Form 2214, Noise Survey-cont.
Preliminary Industrial Hygiene Survey Form
Appendix I. Industrial Hygiene Field Notes
Appendix J. Example of an Evaluation of Potential Health Hazards
Appendix J. Example of an Evaluation of Potential Health Hazards-cont.
Appendix J. Instructions for Completing AEHA Form 8-R, Bulk Sample Data
Appendix J. Instructions for Completing AEHA Form 8-R, Bulk Sample Data-cont.
Bulk Sample Data
Bulk Sample Data-cont.
Bulk Sample Data-cont.
Comment Sheet

Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene

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