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Army Medical Basic Human PhysiologyBasic Human PhysiologyDevelopmentTable of ContentsTable of Contents-cont.Table of Contents-cont.Table of Contents-cont.Table of Contents-cont.List of FiguresIntroductionProcedures for Subcourse completionStudent Comment SheetLesson AssignmentLesson 1. Introduction Basic Human PhysiologyMechanics/BiomechanicsVariations Among Human OrganismsGeneral Body FunctionsEnergy-cont.Exercises, Lesson 1Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 1Lesson AssignmentLesson 2. Physiology of Cells and Miscellaneous TissuesFigure 2-1. A "typical" animal cell.Section II. Body FluidsFluid CompartmentsElectrolytesDissolved SubstancesSection III. HomeostasisHypertonicity.Membrane PotentialsSection IV. Cell Growth and MultiplicationEpithelial Cell TypesSection VI. Fibrous Connective TissueTemperature and TensionSection VII. Fatty TissuesCholesterolExercises, Lesson 2Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 2Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 3. Envelopes of the BodySection II. Integument ProperDermatoglyphicsSection III. Integumentary DerivativesSection IV. Functions of the Integumentary SystemSection V. Subcutaneous LayerSection VI. Investing Deep FasciaSection VII. Body Temperature ControlCountercurrent MechanismSection VIII. Vitamin D ProductionSection IX. Superficial Wound HealingSection XI. Variations in PenetrationExercises, Lesson 3Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 4. The Skeletal SystemSection III. Definition and Types of BonesSection IV. A "Typical" Long BoneShaft (Diaphysis).Origin and DevelopmentSection V. A "Typical" Flat BoneSpecial Conditions of the Flat Bones of the CraniumSection VII. Definition and Types of JointsSection VIII. A "Typical" Synovial JointArticular CartilagesSection IX. The Axial SkeletonFigure 4-4. Anterior view of the human skeleton.Introduction to the Axial SkeletonMotions of the HeadMotion of the Vertebral ColumnSection X. The Appendicular SkeletonFunctions of the Upper MemberExercises, Lesson 4Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 5. Physiologic and Actions of MusclesMicroscopic Anatomy of the Striated Muscle TissueLength-Tension Curve.Section II. Skeletal MusclesGeneral Structure of a Skeletal MuscleEffects of Fiber PatternsWound Healing in Skeletal MusclesSection III. Some Skeletomuscular MechanicsThe Skeletomuscular UnitSecondary Roles of Skeletal MusclesEffects of Exercise or the Lack of ItSection IV. Nervous Control of Skeletal MusclesPyramidal/Extrapyramidal Motor Systems.Axial Versus Appendicular Muscular Control. Exercises, Lesson 5Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 5Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 6. The Human Digestive SystemThe Energy CycleFoodsSection II. Ingestion and Initial Processing of FoodsSection III. Swallowing (Deglutition)Section IV. Temporary StorageSection V. Digestion and AbsorptionDigestive EnzymesHepatic Venous Portal SystemSection VI. Some Protective Mechanisms Associated with the Human Digestive System"Tonsils" of the Small IntestinesSection VII. VitaminsSection VIII. Elimination of Unused MaterialsStorage of FecesExercises, Lesson 6Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Lesson AssignmetLesson 7. The Human Respiratory System and BreathingGeneral Anatomy and Construction of the Human TrunkSection II. Intoduction to Human BreathingBreathing CyclesSection III. Costal ("Thoracic") BreathingThoracic Vertebrae. Costal InhalationSection IV. Diaphragmatic ("Abdominal") BreathingSection V. Introduction to the Human Respiratory SystemNasal ChambersNasopharynxSection VII. LarynxProduction of Human SpeechFigure 7-4. Infralaryngeal structures.Section IX. Lungs and Pleural CavitiesLung StructureSection X. The Pulmonary NavlSection XI. Exchange and Transporation of Gases: Artificial Breathing/ResuscitationFigure 7-5. Scheme of the exchange of the gases.Artificial Breathing/ResuscitationExercises, Lesson 7Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 8. The Human Urinary SystemFigure 8-1. The human urinary system.The NephronSection II. Other Parts of the Human Urinary SystemThe Urinary BladderExercisesSolutions to Exercises, Lesson 8Lesson AssignmentLesson 9. The Human Reproductive (Genital) SystemSection II. Gametes (Sex Cells)Figure 9-1. The human male reproductive (genital) system.Primary Sex Organ-TestisDuctus (Vas) Deferens. Secondary Sexual CharacteristicsPrimary Sex Organ-OvaryExternal Genitalia. The Mammary GlandSection V. Intrauterine DevelopmentPassage of the Fetus-cont.Exercises, Lesson 9Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 10. Cardiovascular and Other Circulatory Systems of the Human BodyComponents of Any Circulatory SystemFigure 10-1. Diagram of the human cardiovascular (cirulatory) system.Section II. The Blood-The Vehicle of the Cardiovascular SystemTransport of GasesImportance of Blood in Energy MobilizationResponses to HemorrhageSection III. The Blood Vessels-the Conduits of the Cardiovascular SystemSpecial SituationsPatterns of Blood CirculationSection IV> The heart-The Primary Motive Force of the Cardiovascular SystemFigure 10-3. The human heart function.Fibrous Skeleton of the HeartCardiac ValvesNAVL of the HeartHeart SoundsSection V. Motive Forces involved in Driving the Blood through the SystemsSection VI. CapillariesSection VII. Temperature Control by Means of the BloodSection VIII. Other Circulatory SystemsCirculatory Systems of Lesser VolumeExercises, Lesson 10Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 11. The Human Endocrine SystemSection II. The Pituitary BodySection III. The Pineal GlandSection IV. The Thyroid and Parathyroid GlandsSection VI. The Adrenal (Suprarenal) GlandsMale Sex HormonesExercises, Lesson 11Exercises, Lesson 11-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 11Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 11-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 12. The Human Nervous SystemOverview of the Human Nervous SystemSection II. The Central Nervous SystemThe Human BrainFigure 12-4. Human brain; bottom view.Figure 12-5. Left cerebral hemisphere.The Human Spinal CordSection III. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)Section IV. The Autonomic Nervous SystemTwo Major SubdivisionsSection V. Electrochemical Transmission of Neuron ImpulsesThe Neuromuscular JunctionSection VI. The General Reflex and the Reflex ArcThe General Reflex ArcSection VII. General Sensory Pathways of the Human Nervous SystemPain-A General SenseTemperature-General SensesTouch-General Senses"Body Sense"Section VIII. Motor Pathways in the Human Nervous SystemSection IX. Levels of Control in the Human Nervous SystemReflexesCerebrumSection X. Miscellaneous TopicsExercises, Lesson 12Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 13. The Special SensesFigure 13-1. A focal-axis section of the bulbus oculi.Photoreception and Signal Transmission.Figure 13-3. Scheme of visual input.Nervous Pathways from the RetinasEye MovementsVisual ReflexesSection III. The Special Sense of Hearing (Auditory Sense)Figure 13-5. Characteristics of sound.The Middle EarThe Internal EarFigure 13-7. Diagram of the scalae.Organization of the Internal Ear. Section IV. The Special Sense of Equilibrium, The General Body Sense, and Postural ReflexesInputs for the General Body SenseSection V. The Special Sense of Smell (Olfaction)Exercises, Lesson 13Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 13Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 14. Some Elementary Human GeneticsChromosomesFigure 14-1. Cell division and fertilization.Some Simple Genetic Combinations (Crossings)Figure 14-2. A monohybrid crossing.The Dihybrid Crossing Modifying ConditionsFigure 14-4. A sex-linked monohybrid crossing.Exercises, Lesson 14Exercises, Lesson 14-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 14Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 14-cont.Comment Sheet
Army Medical
Basic Human PhysiologyBasic Human PhysiologyDevelopmentTable of ContentsTable of Contents-cont.Table of Contents-cont.Table of Contents-cont.Table of Contents-cont.List of FiguresIntroductionProcedures for Subcourse completionStudent Comment SheetLesson AssignmentLesson 1. Introduction Basic Human PhysiologyMechanics/BiomechanicsVariations Among Human OrganismsGeneral Body FunctionsEnergy-cont.Exercises, Lesson 1Exercises, Lesson 1-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 1Lesson AssignmentLesson 2. Physiology of Cells and Miscellaneous TissuesFigure 2-1. A "typical" animal cell.Section II. Body FluidsFluid CompartmentsElectrolytesDissolved SubstancesSection III. HomeostasisHypertonicity.Membrane PotentialsSection IV. Cell Growth and MultiplicationEpithelial Cell TypesSection VI. Fibrous Connective TissueTemperature and TensionSection VII. Fatty TissuesCholesterolExercises, Lesson 2Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 2Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 2-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 3. Envelopes of the BodySection II. Integument ProperDermatoglyphicsSection III. Integumentary DerivativesSection IV. Functions of the Integumentary SystemSection V. Subcutaneous LayerSection VI. Investing Deep FasciaSection VII. Body Temperature ControlCountercurrent MechanismSection VIII. Vitamin D ProductionSection IX. Superficial Wound HealingSection XI. Variations in PenetrationExercises, Lesson 3Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 3-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 4. The Skeletal SystemSection III. Definition and Types of BonesSection IV. A "Typical" Long BoneShaft (Diaphysis).Origin and DevelopmentSection V. A "Typical" Flat BoneSpecial Conditions of the Flat Bones of the CraniumSection VII. Definition and Types of JointsSection VIII. A "Typical" Synovial JointArticular CartilagesSection IX. The Axial SkeletonFigure 4-4. Anterior view of the human skeleton.Introduction to the Axial SkeletonMotions of the HeadMotion of the Vertebral ColumnSection X. The Appendicular SkeletonFunctions of the Upper MemberExercises, Lesson 4Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 4-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 5. Physiologic and Actions of MusclesMicroscopic Anatomy of the Striated Muscle TissueLength-Tension Curve.Section II. Skeletal MusclesGeneral Structure of a Skeletal MuscleEffects of Fiber PatternsWound Healing in Skeletal MusclesSection III. Some Skeletomuscular MechanicsThe Skeletomuscular UnitSecondary Roles of Skeletal MusclesEffects of Exercise or the Lack of ItSection IV. Nervous Control of Skeletal MusclesPyramidal/Extrapyramidal Motor Systems.Axial Versus Appendicular Muscular Control. Exercises, Lesson 5Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 5Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 5-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 6. The Human Digestive SystemThe Energy CycleFoodsSection II. Ingestion and Initial Processing of FoodsSection III. Swallowing (Deglutition)Section IV. Temporary StorageSection V. Digestion and AbsorptionDigestive EnzymesHepatic Venous Portal SystemSection VI. Some Protective Mechanisms Associated with the Human Digestive System"Tonsils" of the Small IntestinesSection VII. VitaminsSection VIII. Elimination of Unused MaterialsStorage of FecesExercises, Lesson 6Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Solution to Exercises, Lesson 6-cont.Lesson AssignmetLesson 7. The Human Respiratory System and BreathingGeneral Anatomy and Construction of the Human TrunkSection II. Intoduction to Human BreathingBreathing CyclesSection III. Costal ("Thoracic") BreathingThoracic Vertebrae. Costal InhalationSection IV. Diaphragmatic ("Abdominal") BreathingSection V. Introduction to the Human Respiratory SystemNasal ChambersNasopharynxSection VII. LarynxProduction of Human SpeechFigure 7-4. Infralaryngeal structures.Section IX. Lungs and Pleural CavitiesLung StructureSection X. The Pulmonary NavlSection XI. Exchange and Transporation of Gases: Artificial Breathing/ResuscitationFigure 7-5. Scheme of the exchange of the gases.Artificial Breathing/ResuscitationExercises, Lesson 7Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 7-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 8. The Human Urinary SystemFigure 8-1. The human urinary system.The NephronSection II. Other Parts of the Human Urinary SystemThe Urinary BladderExercisesSolutions to Exercises, Lesson 8Lesson AssignmentLesson 9. The Human Reproductive (Genital) SystemSection II. Gametes (Sex Cells)Figure 9-1. The human male reproductive (genital) system.Primary Sex Organ-TestisDuctus (Vas) Deferens. Secondary Sexual CharacteristicsPrimary Sex Organ-OvaryExternal Genitalia. The Mammary GlandSection V. Intrauterine DevelopmentPassage of the Fetus-cont.Exercises, Lesson 9Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 9-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 10. Cardiovascular and Other Circulatory Systems of the Human BodyComponents of Any Circulatory SystemFigure 10-1. Diagram of the human cardiovascular (cirulatory) system.Section II. The Blood-The Vehicle of the Cardiovascular SystemTransport of GasesImportance of Blood in Energy MobilizationResponses to HemorrhageSection III. The Blood Vessels-the Conduits of the Cardiovascular SystemSpecial SituationsPatterns of Blood CirculationSection IV> The heart-The Primary Motive Force of the Cardiovascular SystemFigure 10-3. The human heart function.Fibrous Skeleton of the HeartCardiac ValvesNAVL of the HeartHeart SoundsSection V. Motive Forces involved in Driving the Blood through the SystemsSection VI. CapillariesSection VII. Temperature Control by Means of the BloodSection VIII. Other Circulatory SystemsCirculatory Systems of Lesser VolumeExercises, Lesson 10Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 10-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 11. The Human Endocrine SystemSection II. The Pituitary BodySection III. The Pineal GlandSection IV. The Thyroid and Parathyroid GlandsSection VI. The Adrenal (Suprarenal) GlandsMale Sex HormonesExercises, Lesson 11Exercises, Lesson 11-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 11Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 11-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 12. The Human Nervous SystemOverview of the Human Nervous SystemSection II. The Central Nervous SystemThe Human BrainFigure 12-4. Human brain; bottom view.Figure 12-5. Left cerebral hemisphere.The Human Spinal CordSection III. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)Section IV. The Autonomic Nervous SystemTwo Major SubdivisionsSection V. Electrochemical Transmission of Neuron ImpulsesThe Neuromuscular JunctionSection VI. The General Reflex and the Reflex ArcThe General Reflex ArcSection VII. General Sensory Pathways of the Human Nervous SystemPain-A General SenseTemperature-General SensesTouch-General Senses"Body Sense"Section VIII. Motor Pathways in the Human Nervous SystemSection IX. Levels of Control in the Human Nervous SystemReflexesCerebrumSection X. Miscellaneous TopicsExercises, Lesson 12Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 12-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 13. The Special SensesFigure 13-1. A focal-axis section of the bulbus oculi.Photoreception and Signal Transmission.Figure 13-3. Scheme of visual input.Nervous Pathways from the RetinasEye MovementsVisual ReflexesSection III. The Special Sense of Hearing (Auditory Sense)Figure 13-5. Characteristics of sound.The Middle EarThe Internal EarFigure 13-7. Diagram of the scalae.Organization of the Internal Ear. Section IV. The Special Sense of Equilibrium, The General Body Sense, and Postural ReflexesInputs for the General Body SenseSection V. The Special Sense of Smell (Olfaction)Exercises, Lesson 13Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 13Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 13-cont.Lesson AssignmentLesson 14. Some Elementary Human GeneticsChromosomesFigure 14-1. Cell division and fertilization.Some Simple Genetic Combinations (Crossings)Figure 14-2. A monohybrid crossing.The Dihybrid Crossing Modifying ConditionsFigure 14-4. A sex-linked monohybrid crossing.Exercises, Lesson 14Exercises, Lesson 14-cont.Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 14Solutions to Exercises, Lesson 14-cont.Comment Sheet
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