Laboratory Procedures

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Laboratory Procedures
Laboratory Procedures
General
General-cont.
Table of Contents
Introduction to Laboratory Procedures
Lesson 1: The Photographic Process
Types of chemicals.
Figure 11. Photographic chemicals used by the military
Mixing chemicals.
Summary.
Figure 13. Color mixing instruction sheet
Learning Event 2: Describe Film Processing
Figure 14. Identification of various films-cont.
Figure 15. Sheet film identification notches
The processing sequence.
Figure 17. Developing process
Developing temperature and time.
Figure 18. Timetemperature development graph
Stop bath.
Fixing film.
Washing and drying film.
Figure 19. Rate of hypo elimination from a negative
Tray Processing Sheet Film.
Figure 110. Arrangement of trays in tray processing
Tank processing of sheet film.
Figure 111. Cut film agitation
Processing roll film in large tank.
Processing roll film in a daylight tank.
Learning Event 3: Describe Photographic Paper
Figure 112. Cross section of a sheet of photographic printing paper
Development papers.
Graded contrast papers.
Paper base, surface texture, weight, and size.
Paper base, surface texture, weight, and size-cont.
Kodak polycontrast paper
Table 11. Paper surfaces and weights
Learning Event 4: Describe Print Processing
Developing paper using tray method-cont.
Washing and drying paper.
Learning Event 5: Describe Ektamatic Print Processing
Processing methods.
Assemble and level the processor.
Figure 114. Rack assembly on the solution tray
Figure 115. Housing Assembly
Figure 117. Solution level valves
Figure 118. Processor complete
To prevent the lightweight paper from wrapping around the rollers
Lesson 1 Practice Exercise
Lesson 1 Practice Exercise-cont.
Lesson 1 Practice Exercise-cont.
Lesson 1 Practice Exercise-cont.
Lesson 2: Produce a Photographic Print
Contact printing equipment.
Figure 21. Photographic contact printer EN22A
Contact printing steps
Figure 22. Printing frame
The procedure for making a contact printing test, using a printing frame-cont.
Figure 23. Making a test strip
The procedure for making a test strip
Controls in contact printing.
Learning Event 2: Describe Projection Printing
The major components of a projection printer
Figure 24. Typical projection printer
An easel.
Printer and easel adjustment (composition).
Focusing and arranging the composition of the projected image
Test exposure.
Figure 27. Sample photos
Figure 27. Sample photos-cont.
Figure 28. Test print
Local control of exposure.
Figure 210. Using a wiresupported dodging device
Figure 211. Using a burningin device
Distortion control.
Figure 212. Correction by tilting the easel
Learning Event 3: Describe Print Finishing
Print toning.
Mounting.
Figure 214. Method of optical centering
Dry mounting procedure.
Figure 215. Tacking iron
Dry mounting procedure-cont.
Lesson 2 Practice Exercise
Lesson 2 Practice Exercise-cont.
Lesson 3: Photographic Quality Control
Cleanliness.
Cleanliness-cont.
Visual quality assurance.
Visual quality assurance-cont.
Chemical negative defects.
Learning Event 2: Quality Control During Processing
Timetemperature charts.
Certification and replenishment.
Evidence of developer exhaustion.
Special additive ingredients
Procedures for replenishment.
Measurement of pH.
Figure 34. pH values of various developers
The pH meter.
The pH meter-cont.
Lesson 3 Practice Exercise
Summary
Answers to Practice Exercises
Answers to Practice Exercises-cont.
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Laboratory Procedures

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