Principles of Photography

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Principles of Photography
Principles of Photography
General
Lesson 2: Determine the Application of Optics
Table of Contents
Table of Contents-cont.
Introduction to Principles of Photography
Lesson 1. Identify the Basics of Photography
Figure 1-1. Exposure
Figure 1-2. Processing steps
Learning Event 2: Describe the Behavior of Light
Figure 1-6. Surface effect on light
Learning Event 3: List the Colors of Light and Their Wavelengths
Figure 1-9. The electromagnetic spectrum
Learning Event 4: Determine the Intensity of Illumination
Learning Event 5: Idnetify the Basic Types of Single Lenses
Figure 1-14. Positive lenses
Learning Event 6: Describe the Cause and the Correction of Lens
Practice Exercise
Practice Exercise-cont.
Answers to Practice Exercises
Answers to Practice Exercises-cont.
Lesson 2: Determine the Application of Optics
Figure 2-1. Focal plane
Figure 2-3. Location of focal length
Learning Event 2: Determine the Effect on Image Size for a Given Lens
Figure 2-5. Different lens to subject distance
Figure 2-6. Different subject sizes
Learning Event 3: Determine the Angle of View for a Given Focal Length Lens
Figure 2-8. Angle of view and subject coverage
Figure 2-9. Angle of view for various focal length lenses
Learning Event 4: State the Effect on Perspective for a Given Focal Length Lens
Figure 2-11. The apparent depth perspective of three different focal length lenses
Figure 2-12. Foreshorten Perspective/compression of space
Practice Exercise
Practice Exercise-cont.
Answers to Practice Exercise
Lesson 3: Apply the Fundamentals of Exposure and Focusing
Learning Event 1: Determine the Light Sensitivity of Film-cont.
Learning Event 2: Identify the Two Common Types of Mechanical Shutters
Figure 3-2. Between the lens leaf shutter
Learning Event 3: Calculate Shutter Duration
Table 3-1. Effect of increase or decrease in exposure
Learning Event 4: Calculate Aperture Openings
Table 3-2. The increase or decrease of light intensity from one f/stop to another
Learning Event 5: Calculate Shutter Speed, Aperture, and Film Speed
Learning Event 6: Determine Daylight Exposure
Figure 3-5. Daylight conditions
Figure 3-6. Lighting directions
Test Exposure.
Learning Event 7: Calculate Daylight Exposure
Table 3-3. Match shutter speed to film speed
With the practice of the f/16 rule
Learning Event 8: Define Focus
Figure 3-8. 35mm Frame
Learning Event 9: Define Depth of Field and Hyperfocal Distance
Figure 3-10. Depth of field and hyperfocal distance
Learning Event 10 Calculate Hyperfocal Distance
Learning Event 11: Select Appropriate Focus
Figure 3-12. Depth of field increases as aperture decreases
Learning Event 12: Calculate Depth of Field
To use a depth of field scale
Practice Exercise
Practice Exercise-cont.
Answers to Practice Exercise
Lesson 4: Apply the Basics of Composition
Learning Event 2: State the Principles Composition
Figure 4-2. Placement of center of interest
Figure 4-3. Ideal division of a line
Figure 4-4. Balance of like shape and weight
Figure 4-7. Horizontal division
Figure 4-9. Lines that look like lines
Tonal Separation.
Figure 4-14. Total separation
Figure 4-15. Lighting
Figure 4-17. Horizontal formats
Pictorial framing.
Foreground.
Figue 4-24. Distracting background
Image Size.
Figure 4-28. High camera angle
Practice Exercise
Practice Exercise-cont.
Answers to Practice Exercises
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Principles of Photography

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