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Army Communication Systems Introduction to Telephone and Telegraph TransmissionIntroduction to Telephone and Telegraph TransmissionIntroductionStudent ActionsTable of ContentsLesson 1 Sound and TelephonyChapter 1. SoundNature of Sound.Figure 1. Generation of SoundsTransmission of Sound.Figure 2. Sound Wave Produced by Vibrating BladeRepresentation of Sound Waves.Figure 3. Waveform of Simple SoundVelocity and Wavelength.Wavelength-cont.Complex Sounds.Voice Sounds.Characteristics of Sound.Characteristics of Speech.Frequency Range of Voice Sounds.Sound Power.Hearing.Face-to-Face Conversation.Conversation by Telephone.Summary-cont.Summary-cont.Chapter 2. Transmitters and ReceiversTelephone Transmitter.Telephone transmitters.Carbon Transmitter.Operating principle of carbon transmitter-cont.Application of operating principle to carbon transmitter.Structure of Carbon Transmitter.Figure 11. Carbon TransmitterFigure 12. Modern TransmitterNoise-Canceling Transmitter.Telephone Receivers.Magnet-Diaphragm Receiver.Figure 15. Operation of Magnetic Diaphragm ReceiverOperating principle of magnetic-diaphragm receiver-cont.Figure 16. Waveforms in Simple Telephone SystemStructure of Modern Receiver.Figure 17. Action of Soft Iron-ore Electron Agent on DiaphragmAn acoustical network couplesFigure 18. Telephone ReceiversCircuit Diagrams.Types of circuit diagrams Figure 20a. Handset, DisassembledReading of Schematic Diagrams.Figure 21. Types of Circuit DiagramsTelephone Symbols.SummarySummary-cont.Figure 1-1. The sine wave.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2: Telephone SystemsChapter 3. Introduction to Telephone SystemsFigure 23. Simple telephone circuit.Telephone Switchboard.Telephone Central Office.Telephone System.Figure 27. Telephone Exchanges Connected by TrunksSummary-cont.Chapter 4. Local-Battery TelephonyFigure 28. Circuits of Local Battery Telephone SetsFigure 29. Local-Battery Telephone Set, Excluding HandsetHandset Switch.Figure 30. Handset with Push-to-Talk SwitchHandset.Structure of handset. Induction Coil.Figure 35. Local-Battery Telephone Set with Induction CoilPrinciples of Induction Coil.Summary.Chapter 5. Common-Battery TelephonyGeneral Features of Common-Battery System.Basic Circuits of Common-Battery System.Direct-current paths of simple common-battery circuit.Talking path in simple common-battery circuit.Common-Battery Switchboard.Figure 38. Simple Common Battery CircuitDescription of front of switchboard.Description of front of switchboard-cont.Figure 39. Typical Non-multiple Common Battery SwitchboardOperation of Common-Battery Switchboard.Figure 40. Simplified Common-Battery Cord CircuitFigure 41. Simplified Common-Battery Cord and Line CircuitTracing a call through switchboard.Basic Components of Common-Battery Cord and Line Circuits.Figure 42. Tracing a Call from Station 1001 to Station 1002.Figure 43. Common-Battery Switchboard Cord and PlugCommon battery signal lamps.Common-battery Telephone Sets.Figure 45. Basic Circuit of Common-Battery Telephone Set.Operation of basic circuit. Common-Battery Sidetone (Booster) Circuit.Transmitting circuit.Common-Battery Sidetone-Reduction-Circuit.Figure 47. Common-Battery Sidetone Reduction Circuit.Common-Battery Antisidetone Circuit.Summary of Basic Principles and Components.Section II. Major Common-Battery Switchboard Circuits.Structure of typical relay.Figure 49. Structure of Typical Telephone RelayOperation of relays-cont.Lesson 2 ExercisesLesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3: Wire Transmission PrinciplesChapter 6. Transmission LinesCables. Figure 51. Types of Cables.Figure 52. Arrangement of Twin PairCharacteristics of Transmission Line.Figure 53a. Short and Long Line.Figure 54. Long Line and Its Equivalent Circuit (Distributed Constants).Characteristic Impedance.Long Lines.Figure 56. Characteristic Impedance of Long LineTransfer of Power to Transmission Line.Maximum power transfer-cont.Figure 58. Variation of Power TransferApplication of maximum power transfer theorem to transmission line. Attenuation.DB table. Loading of Transmission Line.Figure 61. Typical Loading Coil and SymbolInterference on Transmission Lines.Inductive coupling.Figure 62. Causes of Crosstalk.Capacitive coupling.Reduction of Interference on Transmission Lines.Use of repeating coils. Summary.Summary-cont.Chapter 7. Special CircuitsSimplex Circuit.Figure 65. Typical repeating coil and symbolFigure 67. Simplex Telephone Circuit.Current Paths in Simplex Circuit.Path of simplex-circuit current.Advantages and Limitations of Simplex Circuit.Phantom Telephone Circuit.Figure 70. Phantom Telephone CircuitPath of side-circuit current.Advantages and Limitations of Phantom Circuits.Simplexed-Phantom Circuit.Operation. Figure 72. Composite CircuitComposite Circuit.Figure 73. Line Terminating and Composite PanelSummary.Summary-cont.Lesson 3 ExercisesLesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4: Fundamental of TeletypewriterChapter 9. Introduction to Teletypewriter CommunicationsSingle channel radio teletypewriter system The Teletypewriter Code.Rate of Transmission in a Teletypewriter System.Bits per second. Other Teletypewriter TermsIntroduction to DC Teletypewriter Circuits.The One-Way-Only Teletypewriter Circuit.The Half-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.The Full-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.Using Polar Line Signals.How the Polar Send Relay Works.Figure 84. The Send (Polar) Relay Wired for Neutral-to-Polar OperationThe Polar Half-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.Figure 85. Half-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit -- Polar Line SignalsThe west loop circuit.The Polar Full-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.Figure 86. Full-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit -- Polar Line Signals, Two-Way Transmission.The Simplexed Teletypewriter Circuit.The Simplexed Teletypewriter Phantom Telephone Circuit.Important Points to Remember.Lesson 4 ExercisesTable 3-1. Teletypewriter Code CharacteristicsLesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson SolutionsLesson Solutions-cont.Blank Page
Army Communication Systems
Introduction to Telephone and Telegraph TransmissionIntroduction to Telephone and Telegraph TransmissionIntroductionStudent ActionsTable of ContentsLesson 1 Sound and TelephonyChapter 1. SoundNature of Sound.Figure 1. Generation of SoundsTransmission of Sound.Figure 2. Sound Wave Produced by Vibrating BladeRepresentation of Sound Waves.Figure 3. Waveform of Simple SoundVelocity and Wavelength.Wavelength-cont.Complex Sounds.Voice Sounds.Characteristics of Sound.Characteristics of Speech.Frequency Range of Voice Sounds.Sound Power.Hearing.Face-to-Face Conversation.Conversation by Telephone.Summary-cont.Summary-cont.Chapter 2. Transmitters and ReceiversTelephone Transmitter.Telephone transmitters.Carbon Transmitter.Operating principle of carbon transmitter-cont.Application of operating principle to carbon transmitter.Structure of Carbon Transmitter.Figure 11. Carbon TransmitterFigure 12. Modern TransmitterNoise-Canceling Transmitter.Telephone Receivers.Magnet-Diaphragm Receiver.Figure 15. Operation of Magnetic Diaphragm ReceiverOperating principle of magnetic-diaphragm receiver-cont.Figure 16. Waveforms in Simple Telephone SystemStructure of Modern Receiver.Figure 17. Action of Soft Iron-ore Electron Agent on DiaphragmAn acoustical network couplesFigure 18. Telephone ReceiversCircuit Diagrams.Types of circuit diagrams Figure 20a. Handset, DisassembledReading of Schematic Diagrams.Figure 21. Types of Circuit DiagramsTelephone Symbols.SummarySummary-cont.Figure 1-1. The sine wave.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 1 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2: Telephone SystemsChapter 3. Introduction to Telephone SystemsFigure 23. Simple telephone circuit.Telephone Switchboard.Telephone Central Office.Telephone System.Figure 27. Telephone Exchanges Connected by TrunksSummary-cont.Chapter 4. Local-Battery TelephonyFigure 28. Circuits of Local Battery Telephone SetsFigure 29. Local-Battery Telephone Set, Excluding HandsetHandset Switch.Figure 30. Handset with Push-to-Talk SwitchHandset.Structure of handset. Induction Coil.Figure 35. Local-Battery Telephone Set with Induction CoilPrinciples of Induction Coil.Summary.Chapter 5. Common-Battery TelephonyGeneral Features of Common-Battery System.Basic Circuits of Common-Battery System.Direct-current paths of simple common-battery circuit.Talking path in simple common-battery circuit.Common-Battery Switchboard.Figure 38. Simple Common Battery CircuitDescription of front of switchboard.Description of front of switchboard-cont.Figure 39. Typical Non-multiple Common Battery SwitchboardOperation of Common-Battery Switchboard.Figure 40. Simplified Common-Battery Cord CircuitFigure 41. Simplified Common-Battery Cord and Line CircuitTracing a call through switchboard.Basic Components of Common-Battery Cord and Line Circuits.Figure 42. Tracing a Call from Station 1001 to Station 1002.Figure 43. Common-Battery Switchboard Cord and PlugCommon battery signal lamps.Common-battery Telephone Sets.Figure 45. Basic Circuit of Common-Battery Telephone Set.Operation of basic circuit. Common-Battery Sidetone (Booster) Circuit.Transmitting circuit.Common-Battery Sidetone-Reduction-Circuit.Figure 47. Common-Battery Sidetone Reduction Circuit.Common-Battery Antisidetone Circuit.Summary of Basic Principles and Components.Section II. Major Common-Battery Switchboard Circuits.Structure of typical relay.Figure 49. Structure of Typical Telephone RelayOperation of relays-cont.Lesson 2 ExercisesLesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 2 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3: Wire Transmission PrinciplesChapter 6. Transmission LinesCables. Figure 51. Types of Cables.Figure 52. Arrangement of Twin PairCharacteristics of Transmission Line.Figure 53a. Short and Long Line.Figure 54. Long Line and Its Equivalent Circuit (Distributed Constants).Characteristic Impedance.Long Lines.Figure 56. Characteristic Impedance of Long LineTransfer of Power to Transmission Line.Maximum power transfer-cont.Figure 58. Variation of Power TransferApplication of maximum power transfer theorem to transmission line. Attenuation.DB table. Loading of Transmission Line.Figure 61. Typical Loading Coil and SymbolInterference on Transmission Lines.Inductive coupling.Figure 62. Causes of Crosstalk.Capacitive coupling.Reduction of Interference on Transmission Lines.Use of repeating coils. Summary.Summary-cont.Chapter 7. Special CircuitsSimplex Circuit.Figure 65. Typical repeating coil and symbolFigure 67. Simplex Telephone Circuit.Current Paths in Simplex Circuit.Path of simplex-circuit current.Advantages and Limitations of Simplex Circuit.Phantom Telephone Circuit.Figure 70. Phantom Telephone CircuitPath of side-circuit current.Advantages and Limitations of Phantom Circuits.Simplexed-Phantom Circuit.Operation. Figure 72. Composite CircuitComposite Circuit.Figure 73. Line Terminating and Composite PanelSummary.Summary-cont.Lesson 3 ExercisesLesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 3 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4: Fundamental of TeletypewriterChapter 9. Introduction to Teletypewriter CommunicationsSingle channel radio teletypewriter system The Teletypewriter Code.Rate of Transmission in a Teletypewriter System.Bits per second. Other Teletypewriter TermsIntroduction to DC Teletypewriter Circuits.The One-Way-Only Teletypewriter Circuit.The Half-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.The Full-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.Using Polar Line Signals.How the Polar Send Relay Works.Figure 84. The Send (Polar) Relay Wired for Neutral-to-Polar OperationThe Polar Half-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.Figure 85. Half-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit -- Polar Line SignalsThe west loop circuit.The Polar Full-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit.Figure 86. Full-Duplex Teletypewriter Circuit -- Polar Line Signals, Two-Way Transmission.The Simplexed Teletypewriter Circuit.The Simplexed Teletypewriter Phantom Telephone Circuit.Important Points to Remember.Lesson 4 ExercisesTable 3-1. Teletypewriter Code CharacteristicsLesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson 4 Exercises-cont.Lesson SolutionsLesson Solutions-cont.Blank Page
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