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Page Title: Secretary of Defense
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
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Unified Combatant Commands

·   Support  and  defend  the  Constitution  of  the United States against all enemies ·   Protect  the  United  States,  its  possessions,  and areas vital to its interests ·   Advance the policies and interests of the United States ·   Safeguard  the  internal  security  of  the  United States The   DoD   is   headed   by   the   SECDEF,   who   is appointed  to  the  President’s  cabinet  and  the  National Cabinet Security Counsel. Secretary of Defense The  National  Security  Act  Amendments  of  1949 redesignated  the  National  Military  Establishment  as the  Department  of  Defense  and  established  it  as  an executive  department  with  the  SECDEF  as  its  head. Since  that  time,  many  legislative  and  administrative changes  have  occurred,  evolving  the  department  into the structure under which it currently operates. Under the President, the SECDEF, by virtue of an executive   order,   has   responsibility   for   all   the President’s   functions   involving   the   DoD.   Those functions  include  the  President’s  powers,  duties,  and authorities.  As  the  President’s  principal  assistant  in DoD matters, the SECDEF reports to the President on all DoD military matters. SECDEF authority includes the  separately  organized  military  departments  of  the Army, Navy, and Air Force; the Joint Chiefs of Staff; the unified combatant commands; and various defense agencies   established   for   specific   purposes.   The SECDEF is the principal defense policy adviser to the President. SECDEF is responsible for the formulation of  general  defense  policy  and  policy  related  to  DoD, for the execution of approved policy, and for exercising direction, authority, and control over the DoD. Under the SECDEF, each military department (the Department of the Navy [DoN] includes naval aviation and   the   United   States   Marine   Corps)   is   separately organized under its own secretary and functions under the  authority,  direction,  and  control  of  the  SECDEF. The   secretary   of   each   military   department   is responsible   to   the   SECDEF   for   the   operation   and efficiency of his or her respective department. Orders to the military departments are issued by the SECDEF through  the  secretaries  of  these  departments,  or  their designees,  under  authority  specifically  delegated  in writing   by   the   SECDEF,   or   provided   by   law.   The commanders  of  the  unified  combatant  commands  are responsible   to   the   President   and   the   SECDEF   for accomplishing the military missions assigned to them and   exercising   command   authority   over   forces assigned  to  them.  The  operational  chain  of  command runs   from   the   President   to   the   SECDEF   to   the commanders of the unified combatant commands. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff functions within the chain of command by transmitting the orders of the President  or  the  SECDEF  to  the  commanders  of  the unified combatant commands. Joint Chiefs of Staff The Joint Chiefs of Staff consist of the Chairman; the Vice Chairman; the Chief of Staff, U. S. Army; the Chief of Naval Operations; the Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force;   and   the   Commandant   of   the   Marine   Corps. Supported, subject to the authority of the chairman, by the Joint Staff, they constitute the immediate military staff  of  the  SECDEF.  The  chairman  is  the  principal military adviser to the President, the National Security Council, and the SECDEF. The chairman is appointed by  the  President  with  approval  from  Congress.  The other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff are military advisers who may provide additional information upon request   from   the   President,   the   National   Security Council, or the SECDEF. They also may submit their advice   when   it   does   not   agree   with   that   of   the Chairman. The vice chairman of the joint chiefs acts as chairman in the absence of the chairman. Subject to the authority   of   the   President   and   the   SECDEF,   the chairman is responsible for the following: ·   Assisting   the   President   and   the   SECDEF   in providing   for   the   strategic   direction   and planning of the armed forces ·   Allocating resources to fulfill strategic plans ·   Comparing   the   capabilities   of   American   and allied   armed   forces   with   those   of   potential adversaries ·   Preparing and reviewing contingency plans that conform  to  policy  guidance  from  the  President and the SECDEF ·   Preparing  joint  logistic  and  mobility  plans  to support contingency plans ·   Recommending   assignment   of   logistic   and mobility  responsibilities  to  the  armed  forces  to fulfill logistic and mobility plans The   chairman   advises   the   SECDEF   on   critical deficiencies   and   strengths   in   force   capabilities 5-3

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