DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE The President, as the Commander in Chief, heads the military chain of command within the Department of Defense (DoD). The Commander in Chief is kept abreast of all matters affecting the ability of the DoD to defend  the  United  States  and  its  allies.  Figure  5-1 shows the DoD chain of command. The DoD is responsible for providing the military forces needed to deter war and protect the security of our country. As of 1999, the major elements of these forces  are  the  Army,  Navy,  Marine  Corps,  and  Air Force,  consisting  of  approximately  1.4  million  men and women on active duty. They are backed, in case of emergency, by the approximately 1.5 million members of the Reserve and National Guard. In addition, there are about approximately 742,000 civilian employees in the Defense Department. The  DoD  is  comprised  of  the  offices  of  the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF), the Joint Chiefs of Staff  (JCS)  and  their  supporting  establishments  (the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force), and various  unified  and  specified  commands.  The  DoD carries out the military policies of the United States. Its function,  simply  stated,  is  to  maintain  and  employ armed forces to accomplish the following: 5-2 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY SECRETARY OF THE ARMY UNDER SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE ARMY CHIEF OF STAFF ARMY DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE UNDER SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE AIR FORCE CHIEF OF STAFF AIR FORCE DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY SECRETARY OF THE NAVY UNDER SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE NAVY CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS COMMANDANT OF MARINE CORPS INSPECTOR GENERAL OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE UNDER SECRETARIES ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF DEFENSE AND EQUIVALENTS MARINE CORPS MAJOR COMMANDS AND AGENCIES AIR FORCE MAJOR COMMANDS AND AGENCIES NAVY MAJOR COMMANDS AND AGENCIES ARMY MAJOR COMMANDS AND AGENCIES MASTER CHIEF PETTY OFFICER OF THE NAVY BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE ORGANIZATION DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY DEFENSE COMMISSARY AGENCY DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY DEFENSE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING SERVICE DEFENSE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AGENCY DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY DEFENSE LEGAL SERVICES AGENCY DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY DEFENSE SECURITY COOPERATION AGENCY DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE DEFENSE THREAT REDUCTION AGENCY NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY* NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY/CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE* *Reports directly to the Secretary of Defense DEFENSE AGENCIES DOD FIELD ACTIVITIES AMERICAN FORCES INFORMATION SERVICES DEFENSE POW/MP OFFICE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE EDUCATION ACTIVITY DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HUMAN RESOURCES ACTIVITY OFFICE OF ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT TRICARE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY WASHINGTON HEADQUARTERS SERVICES UNIFIED COMBATANT COMMANDS CENTRAL COMMAND EUROPEAN COMMAND PACIFIC COMMAND SOUTHERN COMMAND SPACE COMMAND SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND STRATEGIC COMMAND TRANSPORTATION COMMAND U.S. JOINT FORCES COMMAND JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF CHAIRMAN, JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF THE JOINT STAFF VICE CHAIRMAN, JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF CHIEF OF STAFF, ARMY CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS CHIEF OF STAFF, AIR FORCE COMMANDANT, MARINE CORPS SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DEPUTY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE PRESIDENT (COMMANDER IN CHIEF) MRLf0501 Figure 5-1. DoD chain of command. Q1. What article of the Constitution provides that the executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States? 1. V 2. II 3. III 4. IV REVIEW QUESTION